Is there a difference between single and double quotes in php?
php中单引号和双引号是有区别的,例如:1、双引号会解析字符串中的变量,而单引号不会。2、在单引号定义的字符串中只能转义单引号和转义符本身,而在双引号定义的字符串中,可以转义更多的特殊字符。3、在字符处理上单引号要优与双引号。
本教程操作环境:windows7系统、PHP7.1版,DELL G3电脑
php中单引号和双引号是有区别的。 PHP 中对单引号和双引号的处理是不同的。双引号会解析字符串中的变量,而单引号不会,同时单引号与双引号在字符处理上单引号要优与双引号。
下面通过一些示例来具体说明一下这两者之间的去吧。
1) 对变量的解析不同
PHP 会解析双引号中的变量,而不会解析单引号中的变量。也就是说,如果使用单引号定义的字符串中出现变量,在输出时变量会被原样输出,不会解析成变量的值。而如果使用双引号定义的字符串中存在变量,在输出时变量会被解析为具体的值。
示例代码如下:
<?php header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); $website = 'PHP中文网'; $url = 'https://www.php.cn/'; $str1 = '您正在访问的是:$website <br>'; $str2 = "网站的链接地址为:$url"; echo $str1; echo $str2; ?>
运行结果如下:
您正在访问的是:$website 网站的链接地址为:https://www.php.cn/
需要注意的是,虽然双引号定义的字符串能够解析变量,但是如果变量后边还有字符串的话,就需要将变量与后面的字符串使用空格分开,或者使用大括号{ }
将变量包裹起来。如果不这么做的话,很可能会造成意想不到的结果。
示例代码如下:
<?php header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); $a = 'php'; $b = 'PHP'; $str1 = "欢迎访问$a中文网<br>"; $str2 = "欢迎访问{$a}中文网<br>"; $str3 = "$b 是世界上最好的语言!"; echo $str1; echo $str2; echo $str3; ?>
运行结果如下:
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2) 转义的字符不同
单引号和双引号中都可以使用转义字符\
,但是,在单引号定义的字符串中只能转义单引号和转义符本身,而在双引号定义的字符串中,PHP 可以转义更多的特殊字符。
在双引号定义的字符串中能使用的转义字符如下表所示:
转义字符 | 说明 | 转义字符 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|
\n | 换行 | \$ | 代表 $ 本身 |
\r | 回车 | \\ | 代表反斜线 \ 本身 |
\t | 水平制表符,一个缩进 | \' | 单引号本身 |
\v | 垂直制表符 | \" | 代表双引号本身 |
示例代码如下:
<?php header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); $a = '3'; $b = '2'; $str1 = "\"\$a\" 的值为:$a\n,"; $str2 = '\'$b\' 的值为:'.$b; echo $str1; echo $str2; ?>
运行结果如下:
"$a" 的值为:3 ,'$b' 的值为:2
3) 解析速度不同
因为单引号不需要考虑变量的解析,所以处理速度比双引号要快,我们在定义字符串时应该尽量遵循能用单引号尽量用单引号的原则。
如果在字符串中不需要加入变量或者单引号'
和反斜杠\
时,尽量使用单引号来定义字符串。因为省去了双引号检查处理转义字符和解析变量的时间,所以可以提高程序的运行效率。
这里总结了一下 PHP 中使用引号的原则,如下所示:
在 PHP 代码中尽量用单引号;
字符串中包含变量的时候,使用双引号可以简化操作;
如果字符串比较复杂且包含变量时,将变量使用大括号包裹起来;
字符串中不需要加入变量或者单引号
'
和反斜杠\
时,尽量用单引号定义字符串。
更多编程相关知识,请访问:编程教学!!
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