Sorting out the WeChat payment process from a front-end perspective

WeChat Mini Program Development Tutorial Sorting out the process of WeChat payment

##Recommended: WeChat Mini Program Program Development Tutorial

Due to business needs, the WeChat payment function is developed, involving three payment methods:

JSAPI payment: WeChat webpage payment requires WeChat activation Service number
• Mini program payment: To pay in the mini program, you need to open the mini program
• H5 payment: Pay on the web page in the mobile browser (exit WeChat intranet)

Before using WeChat payment, you must open a WeChat merchant account. To use that payment method, you must open it on the merchant platform (subject to review).

The money paid will eventually go to the merchant account (usually opened by the company's finance).

During the process of developing WeChat Pay, I still encountered a lot of pitfalls, big and small. I finally finished it and organized the development process.

Reference:

WeChat Payment-Access Guide
• WeChat Payment-Development Document

Mini Program Payment

Development process

The applet requests to create an order interface, and the backend places an order to obtain
1. orderId and returns
The applet obtains it through wx.login () Get
2. code
The applet uses this
3. code and orderId to request the backend interface and obtain the data required for payment
After obtaining the data required for payment, the applet calls the wx.requestPayment() interface and directly calls the payment page
4. Logic to determine whether payment is successful

Pseudocode

async function wxPay(goodId) {
  // 1. 创建订单 获取orderId
  let orderId = await ajax("POST", "/api/OrderProgram/CreateTheOrder", {
    goodId, // 商品id
  });
  // 2. 获得 code
  let code = await wxlogin(); // 基于pr封装的wx.login()方法
  // 3. 获取支付的数据
  let payData = await ajax("POST", "/api/OrderProgram/WxXcxPay", {
    orderId,
    code,
  });
  // 4. 发起支付
  let res = await payment(payData); // 基于pr封装的wx.requestPayment()方法
  // 5. 判断是否支付成功
  let payResult = res.errMsg;
  if (payResult == "requestPayment:ok") {
    console.log("支付成功");
  } else if (payResult == "requestPayment:fail cancel") {
    console.log("用户取消支付");
  } else {
    console.log("支付失败");
  }
}

Notes

Apply for a WeChat mini program account
1. If you apply successfully, you can get the AppID (mini program id) and AppSecret (mini program key)
   The application type is Enterprise nature, otherwise you cannot access WeChat Payment
   
WeChat Mini Program Authentication
2. Only mini programs that have passed the certification can access WeChat Payment and bind the merchant platform
   
Apply for a merchant platform account
3. The AppID that needs to be applied for in the first step
   If the application is successful, you can get MchID (merchant id) and MchKey (merchant key)
   
The merchant number associated with the WeChat mini program
4. After both WeChat and the merchant are successfully authenticated, Connect in the WeChat payment menu in the WeChat background
   
Access to WeChat payment
5. Connect in the WeChat payment menu in the WeChat background
   

H5 payment

Development Process

The front-end requests to create an order interface, and the back-end places an order uniformly to obtain the
1. orderId and returns
The front-end requests payment with
2. orderId Interface, get mweb_url,
and then jump to
3. mweb_url will jump to WeChat and automatically call WeChat payment
After payment, return to the payment page to determine whether to pay. Successful (need to send request to backend query)
4. 4.1 Refresh the page to obtain the latest payment (order) status.
   4.2 Set a button "I have paid" to allow users to click to automatically check the status.
   

Pseudocode

async function wxH5Pay(goodId) {
  // 1. 创建订单 获取orderId
  let orderId = await ajax("POST", "/api/OrderProgram/CreateTheOrder", {
    goodId, // 商品id
  });
  // 2. 获取支付跳转的URL
  let mweb_url = await ajax("POST", "/api/OrderProgram/WxH5Pay", { orderId });
  // 3. 跳转URL去微信支付
  if (mweb_url) {
    location.href = mweb_url;
  } else {
    console.log("回调地址出错");
  }
  // 4. 支付后返回支付页，判断是否支付成功
  // 4.1 刷新页面，获取最新的订单(商品)状态。
  // 4.2 设置一个"我已支付"的按钮，让用户点击之后查询状态。
}

Notes

Set the correct payment domain name on the merchant platform
• Debugging needs to be online. If you are in trouble, you can use intranet penetration (Ngrok or peanut shell)
• Need to
• redirect_urlurlencodeprocess
H5 payment cannot be made directly on WeChat customers To load it within the client, please load it in an external browser.

Reference

WeChat payment-H5 payment-development steps

JSAPI payment (webpage payment within WeChat)

Development process

Product page

Create an order on the front-end product page, and obtain the
1. orderId# after placing the unified order on the back-end ##The front end jumps to the payment page with
orderId
2. ,

Payment page

Get
1. code
   Enter the page for the first time, determine whether there is
   code
   1. in the path, but not
   code
   2. , and request data jump On the sub-authorization page, code will be returned together through the callback address. gets the
   code
   3. and sends it to the backend, which parses it to openid ,keep properly.
Click the Confirm Payment button to trigger the
2. wxPay()

   method

   Send
   orderId
   1. to the post terminal, obtain the data of wx.config and wx.chooseWXPay contained in
   wxData
   2. wxData. First call
   wx.config()
   3. and then call wx.chooseWXPay(). If everything is normal, the payment page will pop up.
   The payment status is queried through the backend
3. Pseudo code

Product page

• // 1. 创建订单 获取orderId
  let orderId = await ajax("POST", "/api/OrderProgram/CreateTheOrder", {
    goodId, // 商品id
  });
  // 2. 携带id 跳转到支付页
  this.$router.push({ name: "wx_pay_page", params: { orderId: id } });

Entry file (

main.js
• )

  // main.js 引入 js-sdk
  import wx from "weixin-js-sdk";

Payment page HTML

• <template>
    <p>
      <button @click="wxPay">点击支付</button>
    </p>
  </template>

Payment page JS

// Vue
data(){
    return {
        orderId: this.$route.params.orderId, // 订单id
        url: '',// 获取code的url
        wxData: null,// js-sdk接口所需的数据
    }
},
mounted(){
    // 判断是否有code
    this.getCode()
}
methods: {
    getCode() {
        var code = this.getUrlPram("code");
        if (code != null) {
            this.code = code;
            // 拿到 code 发给 后端
            this.sendCode(code);
        } else {
            // 去拿code
            this.getUrl();
        }
    },
    getUrl() {
        // 请求后端拿到url所需数据，然后跳转页面在通过回调地址返回，获取code.
        this.axios
            .post("/api/OrderProgram/GetOpenidAndAccessToken", {
                orderId: this.orderId,
            })
            .then((data) => {
                this.url = `https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=${data.appId}&redirect_uri=${data.redirect_uri}&response_type=${data.response_type}&scope=${data.scope}&state=${data.state}`;
                window.location.href = this.url;
            })
            .catch((err) => {
                console.log(err);
            });
    },
    sendCode(code) {
        // 发送code给后端 后端解析出openid
        this.axios
            .post("/api/OrderProgram/GetOpenidAndAccessTokenFromCode", {
                code: code,
            })
            .then((res) => {
                console.log(res);
            })
            .catch((err) => {
                console.log(err);
            });
    },
    wxPay: async function() {
        // 发送orderid，获取wx.chooseWXPay和wx.config所需的参数
        this.wxData = await this.axios.post(
            "/api/OrderProgram/WxJSAPIPay",
            { orderId: this.orderId }
        );
        let wxConfigData = this.wxData.wxConfigData // 获取wx.chooseWXPay()所需数据
        let wxPayData = this.wxData.wxPayData;// 获取wx.config()所需数据
        this.$wx.config({
            debug: false, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。
            appId: wxConfigData.appId, // 必填，公众号的唯一标识
            timestamp: wxConfigData.timeStamp, // 必填，生成签名的时间戳
            nonceStr: wxConfigData.nonceStr, // 必填，生成签名的随机串
            signature: wxConfigData.paySign, // 必填，签名
            jsApiList: [
                "chooseWXPay",
            ],
        });
        // 执行支付
        this.$wx.chooseWXPay({
            timestamp: wxPayData.timeStamp, // 支付签名时间戳，注意微信jssdk中的所有使用timestamp字段均为小写。但最新版的支付后台生成签名使用的timeStamp字段名需大写其中的S字符
            nonceStr: wxPayData.nonceStr, // 支付签名随机串，不长于 32 位
            package: wxPayData.package, // 统一支付接口返回的prepay_id参数值，提交格式如：prepay_id=\*\*\*）
            signType: wxPayData.signType, // 签名方式，默认为'SHA1'，使用新版支付需传入'MD5'
            paySign: wxPayData.paySign, // 支付签名
            success: (res) => {
                this.$toast("支付成功");
            },
            fail: (err) => {
                this.$toast("支付失败");
            },
        });
    },
}

同时支持 H5 支付和 JSAPI 支付

// 在创建订单之后，就判断环境使用哪种方法支付。
if (isWx()) {
  this.WXPay(orderId); // 带着orderId跳转到支付页逻辑
} else {
  this.H5Pay(orderId); // 执行上面H5支付中的创建订单之后的逻辑
}
// 判断是否是微信浏览器
function isWx() {
  let uAgent = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
  reutrn(/micromessenger/.test(uAgent)) ? true : false;
}

注意事项

• 开通微信商户号 - 设置支付目录（如果是 Vue 这类 SPA 页面，到根目录即可，也就是#号之前的地址）
  
• 开通微信公众号（服务号） - 设置安全域名、设置授权域名
  
• 收集参数：appId 和 AppSecret
• 添加 Web 开发工具开发者（需要开发者同时开发者关注开发的微信公众号和微信公众账号安全助手）参考文档
  [图片上传失败...(image-b07878-1605777597831)]
• 设置回调域名（例如：www.xx.com/pay，最后获取的 code 会拼在此回调地址后返回，返回后如www.xx.com/pay?code=xxxx
  

• 获取 code

  • 参考获取 code 文档
  • 在微信客户端网页打开授权地址，跳转之后，在返回的回调地址之后拿到 code：

https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize
?appid=你的appid
&redirect_uri=你的回调地址（拿到code后返回）
&response_type=code（返回类型，默认code）
&scope=snsapi_base（授权范围，静默授权拿到openid）
&state=STATE(自定义状态，非必填)
#wechat_redirect（重定向使用必须携带）

redirect_uri参数要和你在微信公众号里设置的回调域名一致（例如：www.xx.com/pay）,需要注意的是这 url 需要urlEncode。

请求这个地址之后，code 会以你设置的redirect_uri地址里的参数带回来，拿到之后传给后端就行了。

• 前端引入 js-skd

  • 使用script引入js-sdk
  • 下载使用 npm 包weixin-js-sdk
• 获取 wx.config 的参数
  
• 获取 wx.chooseWXPay 所需的参数
  

参考

• 微信支付-JSAPI
• 微信公众号-网页授权
• JS-SDK 开发文档

总结

整个流程走下来，给我的体验是：小程序支付最方面（因为配置少），其次是 H5，JSAPI 支付最麻烦（文章一多半都在写它）

在微信支付功能开发过程中，其实最麻烦的不是开发流程，而是他的各种配置和授权流程，为了拿到所需的参数而来回折腾。

开发过程中的一些参数是经常用到的，如 appid、openid、orderId

支付流程大径相同，先获取到用户的 openid，知道你是谁，然后统一下单拿到 orderId 再去处理不同平台的支付方式

开发时候用到的相关文档，一定要仔细阅读二遍以上为止！！

遇到问题不要死刚，多百度多 Google，说不准你遇到的问题已经有无数的人遇到过并且已经有成熟的解决方案了。

前端和后端要多沟通，有什么问题(难点)随时反馈，需要什么参数好好说，遇到观点不一致的时候千万要注意控制住情绪，切莫撕逼（.——.）。

因为本人水平有限，对后端流程懂得不多，只能以前端的角度来梳理整个支付流程。

以上，希望对你有所帮助。

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