How to write a web crawler in java
网络爬虫
网络爬虫(又被称为网页蜘蛛,网络机器人,在FOAF社区中间,更经常的称为网页追逐者),是一种按照一定的规则,自动地抓取万维网信息的程序或者脚本。
聚焦爬虫工作原理以及关键技术概述
网络爬虫是一个自动提取网页的程序,它为搜索引擎从万维网上下载网页,是搜索引擎的重要组成。传统爬虫从一个或若干初始网页的URL开始,获得初始网页上的URL,在抓取网页的过程中,不断从当前页面上抽取新的URL放入队列,直到满足系统的一定停止条件。聚焦爬虫的工作流程较为复杂,需要根据一定的网页分析算法过滤与主题无关的链接,保留有用的链接并将其放入等待抓取的URL队列。然后,它将根据一定的搜索策略从队列中选择下一步要抓取的网页URL,并重复上述过程,直到达到系统的某一条件时停止。另外,所有被爬虫抓取的网页将会被系统存贮,进行一定的分析、过滤,并建立索引,以便之后的查询和检索;对于聚焦爬虫来说,这一过程所得到的分析结果还可能对以后的抓取过程给出反馈和指导。
相对于通用网络爬虫,聚焦爬虫还需要解决三个主要问题:
(1) 对抓取目标的描述或定义;
(2) 对网页或数据的分析与过滤;
(3) 对URL的搜索策略。
网络爬虫的实现原理
根据这种原理,写一个简单的网络爬虫程序 ,该程序实现的功能是获取网站发回的数据,并提取之中的网址,获取的网址我们存放在一个文件夹中。除了提取网址,我们还可以提取其他各种我们想要的信息,只要修改过滤数据的表达式则可以。
以下是利用Java模拟的一个程序,提取新浪页面上的链接,存放在一个文件里
源代码如下:
package com.cellstrain.icell.util; import java.io.*; import java.net.*; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; /** * java实现爬虫 */ public class Robot { public static void main(String[] args) { URL url = null; URLConnection urlconn = null; BufferedReader br = null; PrintWriter pw = null; // String regex = "http://[\\w+\\.?/?]+\\.[A-Za-z]+"; String regex = "https://[\\w+\\.?/?]+\\.[A-Za-z]+";//url匹配规则 Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regex); try { url = new URL("https://www.rndsystems.com/cn");//爬取的网址、这里爬取的是一个生物网站 urlconn = url.openConnection(); pw = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("D:/SiteURL.txt"), true);//将爬取到的链接放到D盘的SiteURL文件中 br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( urlconn.getInputStream())); String buf = null; while ((buf = br.readLine()) != null) { Matcher buf_m = p.matcher(buf); while (buf_m.find()) { pw.println(buf_m.group()); } } System.out.println("爬取成功^_^"); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { br.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } pw.close(); } } }
The above is the detailed content of How to write a web crawler in java. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java 8 introduces the Stream API, providing a powerful and expressive way to process data collections. However, a common question when using Stream is: How to break or return from a forEach operation? Traditional loops allow for early interruption or return, but Stream's forEach method does not directly support this method. This article will explain the reasons and explore alternative methods for implementing premature termination in Stream processing systems. Further reading: Java Stream API improvements Understand Stream forEach The forEach method is a terminal operation that performs one operation on each element in the Stream. Its design intention is

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and the choice should be based on project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, with simple syntax and high execution efficiency. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and rich libraries.

PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.

Capsules are three-dimensional geometric figures, composed of a cylinder and a hemisphere at both ends. The volume of the capsule can be calculated by adding the volume of the cylinder and the volume of the hemisphere at both ends. This tutorial will discuss how to calculate the volume of a given capsule in Java using different methods. Capsule volume formula The formula for capsule volume is as follows: Capsule volume = Cylindrical volume Volume Two hemisphere volume in, r: The radius of the hemisphere. h: The height of the cylinder (excluding the hemisphere). Example 1 enter Radius = 5 units Height = 10 units Output Volume = 1570.8 cubic units explain Calculate volume using formula: Volume = π × r2 × h (4

PHP and Python each have their own advantages and are suitable for different scenarios. 1.PHP is suitable for web development and provides built-in web servers and rich function libraries. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and a powerful standard library. When choosing, it should be decided based on project requirements.

Java is a popular programming language that can be learned by both beginners and experienced developers. This tutorial starts with basic concepts and progresses through advanced topics. After installing the Java Development Kit, you can practice programming by creating a simple "Hello, World!" program. After you understand the code, use the command prompt to compile and run the program, and "Hello, World!" will be output on the console. Learning Java starts your programming journey, and as your mastery deepens, you can create more complex applications.

The reasons why PHP is the preferred technology stack for many websites include its ease of use, strong community support, and widespread use. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners. 2) Have a huge developer community and rich resources. 3) Widely used in WordPress, Drupal and other platforms. 4) Integrate tightly with web servers to simplify development deployment.
