Apache, PHP在Windows 9x/NT下的安装与配置 (一)_php基础
在PHP邮件列表中问得最多的问题可能就是:“如何在我的Windows机器上安装PHP?”,那么也许我可以帮助回答这个问题。当你正确安装完成后,你会发现在Windows下开发PHP程序还是不错的。
本教程的目的是向你展示如何用“Apache和Windows”的组合来开发PHP程序。
教程中如未指明具体版本,则PHP为PHP3或PHP4 Beta 2或3,Apache为 1.3.x。
一、安装Apache
首先,你须要一个WEB服务器,我推荐Apache。先到htp://www.apache.org/dist看看。在这页上有世界范围的Apache镜像站点列表,找到离你最近的那个。Apache软件一般叫作apache_1_3_x.win32.exe。把它当到你机器里,运行它。它会问你将Apache安装到什么地方,你可以设为c:\Apache,因为马上你就要修改它的配置文件。如果安装没出什么错的话,Apache就可以用了。有很多readme文件可供参考,但仅有一个文件是讲Win32平台的,包括Window 9x和Windows NT。
二、安装PHP
这个问题在PHP邮件列表中出现的次数太多了。你需要安装最新的Windows版的PHP。你也许会想到你自己去编译PHP3,但我认为对于一般的开发目的,这不需要。PHP也有遍布全世界的镜像站点(中国似乎没有)。选择一个镜像,找到下载区域,选择“Source code and Windows distribution”,下载“Windows Binary”。你只须要将当下来的文件Unzip(WinZip就挺好的)到你喜欢的目录中,如C:\PHP4B3.我推荐用版本号作为目录名,这样将来你试用更新版本时,无须删掉老的版本。
在Windows 95/97下安装PHP4 Beta,需要有DCOM的支持。如果你的机器上未装, 到这里去下载一份。
三、配置PHP
与PHP一起分发的文件包里有一个Readme文件,里面讲述了如何配置。有一个文件名为PHP.INI-dist,它是PHP的主要配置文件。将它拷贝到你的Windows系统目录(Windows 9x的Windows或Windows NT的WinNT目录),并且改名为PHP.INI。需要对此文件作适当的修改,最主要的事情是加入一些可能要用到的模块,象MySQL等。在PHP.INI文件中找到象下面的这一节内容:
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Dynamic Extensions ;
; if you wish to have an extension loaded automaticly, use the
; following syntax: extension=modulename.extension
; for example, on windows,
; extension=msql.dll ; or under UNIX,
; extension=msql.so
; Note that it should be the name of the module only,
; no directory information needs to go here.
; Specify the location of the extension with the
; extension_dir directive above.
接下来几行被注释的,如
;Windows Extensions
;extension=php_mysql.dll
;extension=php_nsmail.dll
;extension=php_calendar.dll
;extension=php_dbase.dll
;extension=php_filepro.dll
...
你要做的就是将文件的一些行的注释去掉,即删除打头的分号。我自己需要MySQL的支持,就从"extension=php3_mysql.dll"一行中去掉了分号“;”,在特定情况下,你要用的DLL文件不在这个列表中,只需要简单地加上一行,如: “extension=mydll.dll”。这样,PHP就配置好了。
四、让Apache与PHP一起工作
找到第一节里你安装Apache的目录,用你喜欢的文件编辑器(最好是支持Win32长文件名格式的,如Edit, Ultraedit等)打开.\conf\httpd.conf文件,在本例中是c:\Apache\conf\httpd.conf(这个是APACHE的最主要的配置文件,不要轻易修改,除非有特定把握)。如看不懂里面的内容,可去参加一下Apache文档。 要让Apache与PHP一起工作,你只要加入几行即可,如下:
ScriptAlias /php4b3/ "C:/PHP4B3/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3
AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .phtml
Action application/x-httpd-php3 "/php4b3/php.exe"
需要注意的是上面的这三行不能写错。其中第一行的最后一部分是你安装的PHP的目录;后面的两行,你可以直接从这里拷贝并粘帖。这行配置命令都区分大小写。

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