


How to implement interception functions slice(), substring(), substr() in js string
在js中字符截取函数有常用的三个slice()、substring()、substr()了,下面我来给大家介绍slice()、substring()、substr()函数在字符截取时的一些用法与区别吧。 取字符串的三个函数:slice(start,[end]),substring(start,[end])和substr(start,[length])
相关属性:
slice()
第一个参数代表开始位置,第二个参数代表结束位置的下一个位置,截取出来的字符串的长度为第二个参数与第一个参数之间的差;若参数值为负数,则将该值加上字符串长度后转为正值;若第一个参数等于大于第二个参数,则返回空字符串...
substring()
第一个参数代表开始位置,第二个参数代表结束位置的下一个位置;若参数值为负数,则将该值转为0;两个参数中,取较小值作为开始位置,截取出来的字符串的长度为较大值与较小值之间的差.
substr()
第一个参数代表开始位置,第二个参数代表截取的长度
PS:字符串都从0开始计起
例子:
<script type="text/javascript"> var stmp = "rcinn.cn"; //使用一个参数 alert(stmp.slice(3));//从第4个字符开始,截取到最后个字符;返回"nn.cn" alert(stmp.substring(3));//从第4个字符开始,截取到最后个字符;返回"nn.cn" //使用两个参数 alert(stmp.slice(1,5))//从第2个字符开始,到第5个字符;返回"cinn" alert(stmp.substring(1,5));//从第2个字符开始,到第5个字符;返回"cinn" //如果只用一个参数并且为0的话,那么返回整个参数 alert(stmp.slice(0));//返回整个字符串 alert(stmp.substring(0));//返回整个字符串 //返回第一个字符 alert(stmp.slice(0,1));//返回"r" alert(stmp.substring(0,1));//返回"r" //在上面的例子中我们可以看出slice()和substring()的用法是相同的 //返回的值也是一样的,但当参数为负数时,他们的返回值却不一样,看下面的例子 alert(stmp.slice(2,-5));//返回"i" alert(stmp.substring(2,-5));//返回"rc" //从上面两个例子可以看出slice(2,-5)实际上是slice(2,3) //负5加上字符串长度8转换成正3(若第一位数字等于或大于第二位数字,则返回空字符串); //而substring(2,-5)实际上是substring(2,0),负数转换为0,substring总是把较小的数作为起始位置。 alert(stmp.substring(1,5))//从第2个字符开始,到第5个字符;返回"cinn" alert(stmp.substr(1,5));//从第2个字符开始,截取5个字符;返回"cinn." </script>
substr 和 substring方法的区别
<script type="text/javascript"> var str = "0123456789";// alert(str.substring(0));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(5));//------------"56789" alert(str.substring(10));//-----------"" alert(str.substring(12));//-----------"" alert(str.substring(-5));//-----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-10));//----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-12));//----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,5));//----------"01234" alert(str.substring(0,10));//---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,12));//---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(2,0));//----------"01" alert(str.substring(2,2));//----------"" alert(str.substring(2,5));//----------"234" alert(str.substring(2,12));//---------"23456789" alert(str.substring(2,-2));//---------"01" alert(str.substring(-1,5));//---------"01234" alert(str.substring(-1,-5));//--------"" alert(str.substr(0));//---------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(5));//---------------"56789" alert(str.substr(10));//--------------"" alert(str.substr(12));//--------------"" alert(str.substr(-5));//--------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(-10));//-------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(-12));//-------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(0,5));//-------------"01234" alert(str.substr(0,10));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(0,12));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(2,0));//-------------"" alert(str.substr(2,2));//-------------"23" alert(str.substr(2,5));//-------------"23456" alert(str.substr(2,12));//------------"23456789" alert(str.substr(2,-2));//------------"" alert(str.substr(-1,5));//------------"01234" alert(str.substr(-1,-5));//-----------"" </script>
函数:split()
功能:使用一个指定的分隔符把一个字符串分割存储到数组
例子:
str=”jpg|bmp|gif|ico|png”; arr=theString.split(”|”);
//arr是一个包含字符值”jpg”、”bmp”、”gif”、”ico”和”png”的数组
函数:John()
功能:使用您选择的分隔符将一个数组合并为一个字符串
例子:
var delimitedString=myArray.join(delimiter); var myList=new Array(”jpg”,”bmp”,”gif”,”ico”,”png”); var portableList=myList.join(”|”); //结果是jpg|bmp|gif|ico|png
函数:indexOf()
功能:返回字符串中匹配子串的第一个字符的下标
var myString=”JavaScript”; var w=myString.indexOf(”v”);w will be 2 var x=myString.indexOf(”S”);x will be 4 var y=myString.indexOf(”Script”);y will also be 4 var z=myString.indexOf(”key”);z will be -1
在网上看到另一种非常简单的方法,代码如下:
function func(s, n) { return s.replace(/([^x00-xff])/g, “$1a”).slice(0, n).replace(/([^x00-xff])a/g, “$1″); }
这个方法非常巧妙,而且基本上是正确的。说“基本上”是因为它在取“123汉字测试”左边长度为 6 的子串时,它返回的是“123汉字”,而不是“123汉”。当然,这也并不一定就是问题,某些情况下需求可能就是这样。这个方法还可以再改进一下,如下:
function func(s, n) { return s.slice(0, n).replace(/([^x00-xff])/g, “$1a”).slice(0, n).replace(/([^x00-xff])a/g, “$1″); }
The above is the detailed content of How to implement interception functions slice(), substring(), substr() in js string. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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