How to build a performance testing environment for php7
前言
我之前使用的是xhprof+xhgui
分析线上环境的性能,然而PHP
版本升级到PHP 7
之后,xhprof
已经不可用,于是改用tideways+xhgui
,这实际上也是PHP7
下开源方案的唯一选择,有兴趣的可看下参考资料,有详细说明。
本文主要根据参考资料[1]
配置,因此会有大量重复的地方,我主要其基础上根据实际生产环境的要求多添加了以下额外配置:
mongodb
只绑定到本地xhgui
开启HTTP Basic
认证xhgui
在mongodb
中只保留最近14
天的数据
系统环境
CentOS 7.3 + nginx + mysql + php71
本文假设你的lnmp
环境已经可以正常使用,并且是通过源码安装PHP
,现在只是需要添加性能测试的功能。如果你不熟悉lnmp
环境的配置,推荐使用https://lnmp.org/提供的一键安装包,本文的配置路径均基于该包的默认配置。
安装与配置
分成以下几个部分:
mongodb
tideways
xhgui
应用配置
1.mongodb
安装
#yum install mongodb-server mongodb -y #pecl install mongodb
启动mongodb
服务
#mongod --bind_ip 127.0.0.1
2.tideways
安装
git clone https://github.com/tideways/php-profiler-extension.git cd php-profiler-extension phpize ./configure --with-php-config=`which php-config` make sudo make install
配置
编辑php.ini
文件,添加:
extension=tideways.so tideways.auto_prepend_library=0
重启php-fpm
,执行以下命令看到tideways
的输出表示有生效:
#php -m | grep tide tideways
3.xhgui
xhgui
也是一个网站,最终需要通过web
访问。官方版本是英文版,已经不更新了,有很多BUG
,这里推荐使用中文版:https://github.com/maxincai/xhgui
。
安装(假设在/home/wwwroot/
目录下执行如下命令)
$ git clone https://github.com/maxincai/xhgui.git $ cd xhgui $ php install.php
配置
1.给数据库添加索引,非必须,但是强烈推荐:
$ mongo > use xhprof > db.results.ensureIndex( { 'meta.SERVER.REQUEST_TIME' : -1 } ) > db.results.ensureIndex( { 'profile.main().wt' : -1 } ) > db.results.ensureIndex( { 'profile.main().mu' : -1 } ) > db.results.ensureIndex( { 'profile.main().cpu' : -1 } ) > db.results.ensureIndex( { 'meta.url' : 1 } )
2.nginx
配置(xhgui
本身没有安全机制,它捕捉的数据中有敏感数据,因此开放到外网后必须开启HTTP Basic认证)
创建/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/xhgui.conf
文件,内容如下:
server { listen 8888; # 根据实际情况改成自己的端口 server_name 127.0.0.1; #根据实际情况改成自己的域名 index index.html index.htm index.php; root /home/wwwroot/xhgui/webroot/; location ~ \.php { auth_basic "xhgui needs authentication"; # 开启HTTP Basic认证 auth_basic_user_file htpasswd; # 密码文件 try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$uri&$args; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { expires 30d; } location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { expires 30d; } access_log /home/wwwlogs/xhgui.access.log; error_log /home/wwwlogs/xhgui.error.log; }
开启HTTP Basic认证
需要生成密码文件htpasswd
。假设生成一个tester
用户,密码为123456
,则执行以下命令:
printf “tester:$(openssl passwd -crypt 123456)\n" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd
生成后记得检查下文件内容,格式内容应该类似如下:
$cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd tester:1qe8kAN82iOyo
完成配置重启,在浏览器中进入http://127.0.0.1:8888
,应该能看到界面了,只是此时还没有数据。
3.进一步优化配置
xhgui
默认是按1%采集的,可是如果是排查问题时还是希望能够100%采集会比较方便。进入xhgui
源码目录,修改config/config.default.php
文件,平时仍然按1%的采样率采样,防止数据增长过快,当想调试时,就在URL
中添加debug=1
的参数即可。
在config/config.default.php
中,找到profiler.enable
这里,按如下修改:
'profiler.enable' => function() { // url 中包含debug=1则百分百捕获 if(!empty($_GET['debug'])){ return true; } else { // 1%采样 return rand(1, 100) === 42; } },
如果不删除采集的数据,很快就会发现mongo
数据库变得很大。因此推荐配置下mongo
数据库,只保留最近14天的数据。
#mongo > use xhprof > db.results.ensureIndex( { "meta.request_ts" : 1 }, { expireAfterSeconds : 3600*24*14 } )
如果想手动全部删除,则执行如下命令:
$ mongo $ use xhprof; $ db.dropDatabase();
4.应用配置
让应用实现采集,需要修改对应的nginx
配置文件,添加:
fastcgi_param TIDEWAYS_SAMPLERATE “100"; #是否采样取决于xhgui的随机数配置和这里的采样率配置,两者必须同时满足,这里简单设置成100,由xhgui去控制 fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "auto_prepend_file=/home/wwwroot/xhgui/external/header.php";
完整的nginx
示例配置文件如下:
server { listen 80; #根据实际情况修改 server_name test.dev; #根据实际情况修改 index index.html index.htm index.php; root /home/wwwroot/test/web/; location ~ \.php { fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_index /index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param TIDEWAYS_SAMPLERATE "100”; # 此处为重点 fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "auto_prepend_file=/home/wwwroot/xhgui/external/header.php”; # 此处为重点 include fastcgi_params; } try_files $uri $uri/ @rewrite; location @rewrite { rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?_url=/$1; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { expires 30d; } location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { expires 30d; } access_log /home/wwwlogs/test.access.log; error_log /home/wwwlogs/test.error.log; }
最终成功配置并采集到数据的界面
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