20 common regular expressions used for verification
正则表达式,一个十分古老而又强大的文本处理工具,仅仅用一段非常简短的表达式语句,便能够快速实现一个非常复杂的业务逻辑。熟练地掌握正则表达式的话,能够使你的开发效率得到极大的提升。
正则表达式经常被用于字段或任意字符串的校验,如下面这段校验基本日期格式的JavaScript代码:
var reg = /^(\\d{1,4})(-|\\/)(\\d{1,2})\\2(\\d{1,2})$/; var r = fieldValue.match(reg); if(r==null)alert('Date format error!');
下面是技匠整理的,在前端开发中经常使用到的20个正则表达式。
1 . 校验密码强度
密码的强度必须是包含大小写字母和数字的组合,不能使用特殊字符,长度在8-10之间。
^(?=.*\\d)(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,10}$
2. 校验中文
字符串仅能是中文。
^[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]{0,}$
3. 由数字、26个英文字母或下划线组成的字符串
^\\w+$
4. 校验E-Mail 地址
同密码一样,下面是E-mail地址合规性的正则检查语句。
[\\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\\.[\\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[\\w](?:[\\w-]*[\\w])?\\.)+[\\w](?:[\\w-]*[\\w])?
5. 校验身份证号码
下面是身份证号码的正则校验。15 或 18位。
15位: ^[1-9]\\d{7}((0\\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\\d)|3[0-1])\\d{3}$ 18位: ^[1-9]\\d{5}[1-9]\\d{3}((0\\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\\d)|3[0-1])\\d{3}([0-9]|X)$
6. 校验日期
“yyyy-mm-dd“ 格式的日期校验,已考虑平闰年。
^(?:(?!0000)[0-9]{4}-(?:(?:0[1-9]|1[0-2])-(?:0[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-8])|(?:0[13-9]|1[0-2])-(?:29|30)|(?:0[13578]|1[02])-31)|(?:[0-9]{2}(?:0[48]|[2468][048]|[13579][26])|(?:0[48]|[2468][048]|[13579][26])00)-02-29)$
7. 校验金额
金额校验,精确到2位小数。
^[0-9]+(.[0-9]{2})?$
8. 校验手机号
下面是国内 13、15、18开头的手机号正则表达式。(可根据目前国内收集号扩展前两位开头号码)
^(13[0-9]|14[5|7]|15[0|1|2|3|5|6|7|8|9]|18[0|1|2|3|5|6|7|8|9])\\d{8}$
9. 判断IE的版本
IE目前还没被完全取代,很多页面还是需要做版本兼容,下面是IE版本检查的表达式。
^.*MSIE [5-8](?:\\.[0-9]+)?(?!.*Trident\\/[5-9]\\.0).*$
10. 校验IP-v4地址
IP4 正则语句。
\\b(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\b
11. 校验IP-v6地址
IP6 正则语句。
(([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7,7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,7}:|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,6}:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,5}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,2}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,3}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,3}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,2}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,5}|[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,6})|:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,7}|:)|fe80:(:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}){0,4}%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,}|::(ffff(:0{1,4}){0,1}:){0,1}((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])\\.){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}:((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])\\.){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]))
12. 检查URL的前缀
应用开发中很多时候需要区分请求是HTTPS还是HTTP,通过下面的表达式可以取出一个url的前缀然后再逻辑判断。
if (!s.match(/^[a-zA-Z]+:\\/\\//)) { s = 'http://' + s; }
13. 提取URL链接
下面的这个表达式可以筛选出一段文本中的URL。
^(f|ht){1}(tp|tps):\\/\\/([\\w-]+\\.)+[\\w-]+(\\/[\\w- ./?%&=]*)?
14. 文件路径及扩展名校验
验证windows下文件路径和扩展名(下面的例子中为.txt文件)
^([a-zA-Z]\\:|\\\\)\\\\([^\\\\]+\\\\)*[^\\/:*?"<>|]+\\.txt(l)?$
15. 提取Color Hex Codes
有时需要抽取网页中的颜色代码,可以使用下面的表达式。
^#([A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3})$
16. 提取网页图片
假若你想提取网页中所有图片信息,可以利用下面的表达式。
\\< *[img][^\\\\>]*[src] *= *[\\"\\']{0,1}([^\\"\\'\\ >]*)
17. 提取页面超链接
提取html中的超链接。
(<a\\s*(?!.*\\brel=)[^>]*)(href="https?:\\/\\/)((?!(?:(?:www\\.)?'.implode('|(?:www\\.)?', $follow_list).'))[^"]+)"((?!.*\\brel=)[^>]*)(?:[^>]*)>
18. 查找CSS属性
通过下面的表达式,可以搜索到相匹配的CSS属性。
^\\s*[a-zA-Z\\-]+\\s*[:]{1}\\s[a-zA-Z0-9\\s.#]+[;]{1}
19. 抽取注释
如果你需要移除HMTL中的注释,可以使用如下的表达式。
<!--(.*?)-->
20. 匹配HTML标签
通过下面的表达式可以匹配出HTML中的标签属性。
<\\/?\\w+((\\s+\\w+(\\s*=\\s*(?:".*?"|'.*?'|[\\^'">\\s]+))?)+\\s*|\\s*)\\/?>
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