PHP安全技术之 实现php基本安全_php技巧
注册全局变量的出现曾经让PHP变得非常易用,但也降低了安全性(方便之处经常会破坏安全性)。建议在编程时把register_globals指令关闭,在PHP6中这个功能也会被取消。
2.在使用变量之前对其进行初始化。
如果register_globals功能是启动的,即使程序员不使用它,恶意用户也可能利用为初始化变量的漏洞来侵入我们的系统。比如:
if(conditon){
$auth=TRUE;
}
如果变量$auth没有在这段之前被初始化为FALSE,那么用户就可以向脚本传递$_GET[‘auth']、$_POST[‘auth']或$_COOKIE[‘auth']轻易的实现验证。
3.检验和净化全部输入数据。
4.在利用变量引用包含文件时要小心。
如果脚本中有这样的代码:
require($page);
那么就应该确保$page不会来自外部资源(比如$_GET),或者,如果它的确来自于外部资源,那么就要确保它包含适当的值。
5.在使用任何服务器上执行命令的函数都要多加小心。
这些函数包括eval()、exec()、system()、passthru()、popen()和反撇号(``)。这些函数都能够在服务器上执行命令,永远都不要随意使用。如果在命令里不得不包含便来那个,就应该对这个变量进行彻底的安全检查。还应该使用escapeshellarg() escapeshellcom()进行额外的预处理。
6.更改默认的会话目录,或者使用数据库保存会话数据。
7.不要使用浏览器提供的文件名在服务器上保存上传的文件。
8.如果被提交的数据需要在web页面中重新显示,一定要注意其中的HTML,更重要的是JAVASCRIPT
可以利用函数
string htmlspecialchars ( string string [, int quote_style [, string charset]])
对提交的数据进行处理
9。不要在站点上暴露你的PHP错误信息
PHP错误信息能够在你开发的过程中把错误信息输出方便你的检查,但是如果暴露在Web上面,很可以成为攻击者的入口。
10.防止SQL注入攻击。
应该使用特定语言的数据库转义函数,比如mysqli_real_escape_data(),确保提交的内容不会破坏查询操作。
11.永远不要在服务器上保存phpinfo()脚本。

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