Table of Contents
1.1 热插
1.2 热拔
Home Operation and Maintenance Linux Operation and Maintenance What does disk hot-plugging mean on Linux?

What does disk hot-plugging mean on Linux?

Jun 23, 2017 am 11:19 AM
linux disk

首先获取scsi设备的信息。

[root@server2 ~]# lsscsi
[2:0:0:0]    disk    VMware,  VMware Virtual S 1.0   /dev/sda
[4:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  NECVMWar VMware SATA CD01 1.00  /dev/sr0
Copy after login

有些操作系统没有lsscsi命令,则可以使用下面的方法获取scsi设备信息。

[root@server2 ~]# ll /sys/bus/scsi/drivers/sd/total 0lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 Jun 22 17:29 2:0:0:0 -> ../../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:10.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0--w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 22 17:29 bind--w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 22  2017 uevent--w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 22 17:29 unbind
Copy after login
[root@server2 ~]# ll /sys/bus/scsi/drivers/sd/2\:0\:0\:0/block/total 0drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 0 Jun 22  2017 sda
Copy after login

然后查看/proc/scsi/scsi文件,获取对应scsi设备的详细信息。

[root@server2 ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi

Attached devices:Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: VMware,  Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  Type:   Direct-Access                    ANSI  SCSI revision: 02Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware SATA CD01 Rev: 1.00
  Type:   CD-ROM                           ANSI  SCSI revision: 05Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00
  Vendor: VMware,  Model: VMware Virtual S Rev: 1.0
  Type:   Direct-Access                    ANSI  SCSI revision: 02
Copy after login

在此处,有两块直连(Direct-Access)的scsi磁盘,一块通过光驱cd-rom连接的光盘。我们只考虑scsi磁盘,所以这两块磁盘在scsi中的定位符为2:0:0:0和2:0:1:0。如果继续插入一块盘,那么新盘在scsi中的定位符为2:0:2:0,这个数值串非常重要。

1.1 热插

在向计算机中插入一块磁盘后,内核因为识别不了它所以不会产生任何事件通知,因此在/sys目录中不会产生任何文件,任何工具也就读取不了它。重启系统肯定是可以解决的,但是Linux支持热插。

热插新盘的方式是向/proc/scsi/scsi中写入新scsi设备的信息。方式如下:

echo "scsi add-single-device a b c d" >/proc/scsi/scsi
Copy after login

其中:

      a == hostadapter id (first one being 0)

      b == SCSI channel on hostadapter (first one being 0)

      c == ID

      d == LUN (first one being 0)

例如上面的例子,应该添加如下信息:

[root@server2 ~]# echo "scsi add-single-device 2:0:2:0" >/proc/scsi/scsi
Copy after login

当然,重新扫描scsi总线也可以实现热插的功能。因为上面的例子中,scsi host id为2(即host2),所以扫描的是host2,这样host2这个scsi上的所有设备都会被重新扫描。

[root@server2 ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
Copy after login

如果不知道要扫描哪个host,直接使用循环全部扫描。

[root@xuexi ~]# for i in `ls /sys/class/scsi_host/`;do echo "- - -" >/sys/class/scsi_host/$i/scan;done
Copy after login

热插之后,fdisk -l等命令就可以识别到该磁盘了。

1.2 热拔

热拔磁盘的方式是在/proc/scsi/scsi中移除对应scsi设备的信息。方式如下:

echo "scsi remove-single-device a b c d" >/proc/scsi/scsi
Copy after login

例如删除2:0:2:0这块磁盘。

[root@server2 ~]# echo "scsi remove-single-device 2 0 2 0" >/proc/scsi/scsi
Copy after login

因为要删除的设备已经存在,/sys中已经有它完整的信息,所以也从其自身设备上进行删除。

首先查看scsi设备信息。

[root@server2 ~]# lsscsi
[2:0:0:0]    disk    VMware,  VMware Virtual S 1.0   /dev/sda
[2:0:1:0]    disk    VMware,  VMware Virtual S 1.0   /dev/sdb
[4:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  NECVMWar VMware SATA CD01 1.00  /dev/sr0
Copy after login

 例如要删除/dev/sdb,即2:0:1:0。先看看它的文件信息。

[root@server2 ~]# ls /sys/bus/scsi/drivers/sd/2\:0\:1\:0/block/                              evt_lun_change_reported             model                               scsi_level
bsg/                                evt_media_change                    power/                              statedelete                              evt_mode_parameter_change_reported  queue_depth                         subsystem/device_blocked                      evt_soft_threshold_reached          queue_ramp_up_period                timeout
device_busy                         generic/                            queue_type                          type
dh_state                            iocounterbits                       rescan                              uevent
driver/                             iodone_cnt                          rev                                 unpriv_sgio
eh_timeout                          ioerr_cnt                           scsi_device/                        vendor
evt_capacity_change_reported        iorequest_cnt                       scsi_disk/                          vpd_pg80
evt_inquiry_change_reported         modalias                            scsi_generic/                       vpd_pg83
Copy after login

在其中有3个文件:delete、rescan和state。其中state记录了该设备是否正在运行中。而delete和rescan文件则用于删除和重新扫描该设备。

例如,删除该设备,即热拔。

[root@server2 ~]# echo 1 > /sys/bus/scsi/drivers/sd/2\:0\:1\:0/delete
Copy after login

 

The above is the detailed content of What does disk hot-plugging mean on Linux?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1655
14
PHP Tutorial
1252
29
C# Tutorial
1226
24
Linux Architecture: Unveiling the 5 Basic Components Linux Architecture: Unveiling the 5 Basic Components Apr 20, 2025 am 12:04 AM

The five basic components of the Linux system are: 1. Kernel, 2. System library, 3. System utilities, 4. Graphical user interface, 5. Applications. The kernel manages hardware resources, the system library provides precompiled functions, system utilities are used for system management, the GUI provides visual interaction, and applications use these components to implement functions.

vscode terminal usage tutorial vscode terminal usage tutorial Apr 15, 2025 pm 10:09 PM

vscode built-in terminal is a development tool that allows running commands and scripts within the editor to simplify the development process. How to use vscode terminal: Open the terminal with the shortcut key (Ctrl/Cmd). Enter a command or run the script. Use hotkeys (such as Ctrl L to clear the terminal). Change the working directory (such as the cd command). Advanced features include debug mode, automatic code snippet completion, and interactive command history.

How to check the warehouse address of git How to check the warehouse address of git Apr 17, 2025 pm 01:54 PM

To view the Git repository address, perform the following steps: 1. Open the command line and navigate to the repository directory; 2. Run the "git remote -v" command; 3. View the repository name in the output and its corresponding address.

Where to write code in vscode Where to write code in vscode Apr 15, 2025 pm 09:54 PM

Writing code in Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is simple and easy to use. Just install VSCode, create a project, select a language, create a file, write code, save and run it. The advantages of VSCode include cross-platform, free and open source, powerful features, rich extensions, and lightweight and fast.

How to run java code in notepad How to run java code in notepad Apr 16, 2025 pm 07:39 PM

Although Notepad cannot run Java code directly, it can be achieved by using other tools: using the command line compiler (javac) to generate a bytecode file (filename.class). Use the Java interpreter (java) to interpret bytecode, execute the code, and output the result.

What is the main purpose of Linux? What is the main purpose of Linux? Apr 16, 2025 am 12:19 AM

The main uses of Linux include: 1. Server operating system, 2. Embedded system, 3. Desktop operating system, 4. Development and testing environment. Linux excels in these areas, providing stability, security and efficient development tools.

vscode Previous Next Shortcut Key vscode Previous Next Shortcut Key Apr 15, 2025 pm 10:51 PM

VS Code One-step/Next step shortcut key usage: One-step (backward): Windows/Linux: Ctrl ←; macOS: Cmd ←Next step (forward): Windows/Linux: Ctrl →; macOS: Cmd →

vscode terminal command cannot be used vscode terminal command cannot be used Apr 15, 2025 pm 10:03 PM

Causes and solutions for the VS Code terminal commands not available: The necessary tools are not installed (Windows: WSL; macOS: Xcode command line tools) Path configuration is wrong (add executable files to PATH environment variables) Permission issues (run VS Code as administrator) Firewall or proxy restrictions (check settings, unrestrictions) Terminal settings are incorrect (enable use of external terminals) VS Code installation is corrupt (reinstall or update) Terminal configuration is incompatible (try different terminal types or commands) Specific environment variables are missing (set necessary environment variables)

See all articles