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Detailed explanation of MySQL-Cluster cluster construction (based on manual compilation of installation packages)
Detailed explanation of MySQL-Cluster cluster construction (based on manual compilation of installation packages)
Recently, due to being very busy at work, I haven’t updated my blog for a while. Today I will bring you an article on how to build a MySQL Cluster cluster. Okay, let’s go directly to the topic.
First of all, we need to uninstall the MySQL originally installed on the server. For details, please refer to the blog post "MySQL-Completely Uninstall MySQL Code Example under CentOS". At the same time, enter the following command on the command line to install the preparation environment:
yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc * libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*
This article will build a simplest MySQL Cluster system. All commands in the configuration method are run as the root account. This MySQL Cluster contains one management node, two data nodes, and two SQL nodes. These five nodes will be installed on five virtual machines respectively. The names and IPs of the virtual machines are as follows:
#Management node | mysql-mgm | ##192.168.124.141 |
| ##Data node 1 | mysql-ndbd-1 | #192.168.124.142 |
| 2 mysql-ndbd-2 | #192.168.124.143 | ##SQL |
| Node 1mysql-sql-1 | 192.168.124.144 | ##SQL |
2 | mysql-sql-2 | 192.168.124.145 |
一、公共配置
请在三个虚拟机上分别配置此处的配置项。
1. 安装虚拟机
虚拟机操作系统安装CentOS 6.5的x86_64版本，使用NAT网络，并且还要安装vmware-tools，具体安装方法此处不详述。
2. 拷贝mysql cluster
下载以下版本的MySQL-Cluster：
http://dev.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Cluster-7.3/mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.4-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
下载得到的压缩包拷贝至虚拟机的/root/Downloads目录，然后在shell中运行以下命令：
cd /root/Downloads tar -xvzf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.4-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.4-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql Copy after login |
3. 关闭安全策略
关闭iptables防火墙（或者打开防火墙的1186、3306端口），在Shell中运行以下命令：
chkconfig --level 35 iptables off
关闭SELinux，在Shell中运行以下命令：
gedit /etc/selinux/config
将config文件中的SELINUX项改为disabled，修改后的config文件的内容如下：
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted Copy after login |
最后重启系统
二、配置管理结点（192.168.124.141）
1. 配置config.ini配置文件
在shell中运行以下命令：
mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster gedit config.ini Copy after login |
配置文件config.ini内容如下：
[ndbd default] NoOfReplicas=2 DataMemory=80M IndexMemory=18M [ndb_mgmd] NodeId=1 hostname=192.168.124.141 datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster [ndbd] NodeId=2 hostname=192.168.124.142 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data [ndbd]NodeId=3hostname=192.168.124.143datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data [mysqld]NodeId=4hostname=192.168.124.144 [mysqld] NodeId=5 hostname=192.168.124.145 Copy after login |
2. 安装管理结点
安装管理节点，不需要mysqld二进制文件，只需要MySQL Cluster服务端程序(ndb_mgmd)和监听客户端程序(ndb_mgm)。在shell中运行以下命令：
cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm* /usr/local/bin cd /usr/local/bin chmod +x ndb_mgm* Copy after login |
三、配置数据结点（192.168.124.142、192.168.124.143）
1. 添加mysql组和用户
在shell中运行以下命令：
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql Copy after login Copy after login |
2. 配置my.cnf配置文件
在shell中运行以下命令：
gedit /etc/my.cnf Copy after login Copy after login |
配置文件my.cnf的内容如下：
[mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data socket=/usr/local/mysql/sock/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid [mysql_cluster] ndb-connectstring=192.168.124.141 Copy after login |
3. 创建系统数据库
在shell中运行以下命令：
cd /usr/local/mysql mkdir sock scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data Copy after login Copy after login |
4. 设置数据目录
在shell中运行以下命令：
chown -R root . chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/sock chgrp -R mysql . Copy after login Copy after login |
5. 配置MySQL服务
在shell中运行以下命令：
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/ chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server chkconfig --add mysql.server Copy after login Copy after login |
四、配置SQL结点（192.168.124.144、192.168.124.145）
1. 添加mysql组和用户
在shell中运行以下命令：
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql Copy after login Copy after login |
2. 配置my.cnf配置文件
在shell中运行以下命令：
gedit /etc/my.cnf Copy after login Copy after login |
配置文件my.cnf的内容如下：
[client] socket=/usr/local/mysql/sock/mysql.sock [mysqld] ndbcluster datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data socket=/usr/local/mysql/sock/mysql.sock ndb-connectstring=192.168.124.141 [mysql_cluster] ndb-connectstring=192.168.124.141 Copy after login |
3. 创建系统数据库
在shell中运行以下命令：
cd /usr/local/mysql mkdir sock scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data Copy after login Copy after login |
4. 设置数据目录
在shell中运行以下命令：
chown -R root . chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/sock chgrp -R mysql . Copy after login Copy after login |
5. 配置MySQL服务
在shell中运行以下命令：
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/ chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server chkconfig --add mysql.server Copy after login Copy after login |
五、Cluster环境启动
注意启动顺序：首先是管理节点，然后是数据节点，最后是SQL节点。
1. 启动管理结点
在shell中运行以下命令：
ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini Copy after login |
还可以使用ndb_mgm来监听客户端，如下：
ndb_mgm Copy after login |
2. 启动数据结点
首次启动，则需要添加--initial参数，以便进行NDB节点的初始化工作。在以后的启动过程中，则是不能添加该参数的，否则ndbd程序会清除在之前建立的所有用于恢复的数据文件和日志文件。
/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial Copy after login |
如果不是首次启动，则执行下面的命令。
/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd Copy after login |
3. 启动SQL结点
若MySQL服务没有运行，则在shell中运行以下命令：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & Copy after login |
4. 启动测试
查看管理节点，启动成功：
六、集群测试
1. 测试一
现在我们在其中一个SQL结点上进行相关数据库的创建,然后到另外一个SQL结点上看看数据是否同步。
在SQL结点1（192.168.124.144）上执行：
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p mysql>show databases; mysql>create database aa; mysql>use aa; mysql>CREATE TABLE ctest2 (i INT) ENGINE=NDB; //这里必须指定数据库表的引擎为NDB,否则同步失败 mysql> INSERT INTO ctest2 () VALUES (1); mysql> SELECT * FROM ctest2; Copy after login |
然后在SQL结点2上看数据是否同步过来了
经过测试，在非master上创建数据，可以同步到master上
查看表的引擎是不是NDB，>show create table 表名；
2. 测试二
关闭一个数据节点 ，在另外一个节点写输入，开启关闭的节点，看数据是否同步过来。
首先把数据结点1重启，然后在结点2上添加数据
在SQL结点2(192.168.124.145)上操作如下：
mysql> create database bb; mysql> use bb; mysql> CREATE TABLE ctest3 (i INT) ENGINE=NDB; mysql> use aa; mysql> INSERT INTO ctest2 () VALUES (3333); mysql> SELECT * FROM ctest2; Copy after login |
等数据结点1启动完毕，启动数据结点1的服务
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial#service mysqld start Copy after login |
然后登录进去查看数据
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p Copy after login |
可以看到数据已经同步过来了，说明数据可以双向同步了。
七、关闭集群
1. 关闭管理节点和数据节点，只需要在管理节点（ClusterMgm--134）里执行：
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -e shutdown Copy after login |
显示
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186 2 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown. Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown. Copy after login |
2. 然后关闭Sql节点（135,136），分别在2个节点里运行：
shell> /etc/init.d/mysql.server stop Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! Copy after login 注意：要再次启动集群，就按照第五部分的启动步骤即可，不过这次启动数据节点的时候就不要加”-initial”参数了。 The above is the detailed content of Detailed explanation of MySQL-Cluster cluster construction (based on manual compilation of installation packages). For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website! Statement of this Website
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