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PHP中函数rand和mt_rand的区别比较_php技巧

May 17, 2016 am 09:07 AM
mt_rand rand

PHP函数rand和mt_rand
  
mt_rand() 比rand() 快四倍
  
  很多老的 libc 的随机数发生器具有一些不确定和未知的特性而且很慢。PHP 的 rand() 函数默认使用 libc 随机数发生器。mt_rand() 函数是非正式用来替换它的。该函数用了 Mersenne Twister 中已知的特性作为随机数发生器,mt_rand() 可以产生随机数值的平均速度比 libc 提供的 rand() 快四倍。
  
mt_rand() 比rand() 快四倍
  
  mt_rand — 生成更好的随机数
  
  (PHP 3 >= 3.0.6, PHP 4, PHP 5)
  
  int mt_rand ( [int min, int max] )
  
  很多老的 libc 的随机数发生器具有一些不确定和未知的特性而且很慢。PHP 的 rand() 函数默认使用 libc 随机数发生器。mt_rand() 函数是非正式用来替换它的。该函数用了 Mersenne Twister(马其塞旋转) 中已知的特性作为随机数发生器,它可以产生随机数值的平均速度比 libc 提供的 rand() 快四倍。
  
  如果没有提供可选参数 min 和 max,mt_rand() 返回
  
  0 到 RAND_MAX 之间的伪随机数。
  
  例如想要 5 到 15(包括 5 和 15)之间的随机数,用 mt_rand(5, 15)。
  
  注: 自 PHP 4.2.0 起,不再需要用 srand() 或 mt_srand() 函数给随机数生成器播种,现已自动完成。
  
  rand — 产生一个随机整数
  
  (PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)
  
  int rand ( [int min, int max] )
  
  如果没有提供可选参数 min 和 max,rand() 返回 0 到 RAND_MAX 之间的伪随机整数。例如想要 5 到 15(包括 5 和 15)之间的随机数,用 rand(5, 15)。
  
  注: 在某些平台下(例如 Windows)RAND_MAX 只有 32768。如果需要的范围大于 32768,那么指定 min 和 max 参数就可以生成大于 RAND_MAX的数了,或者考虑用 mt_rand() 来替代之。
  
  注: 自 PHP 4.2.0 起,不再需要用 srand() 或 mt_srand() 函数给随机数生成器播种,现已自动完成。

mt_rand定义和用法

mt_rand() 使用 Mersenne Twister 算法返回随机整数。

语法
mt_rand(min,max)说明
如果没有提供可选参数 min 和 max,mt_rand() 返回 0 到 RAND_MAX 之间的伪随机数。例如想要 5 到 15(包括 5 和 15)之间的随机数,用 mt_rand(5, 15)。

很多老的 libc 的随机数发生器具有一些不确定和未知的特性而且很慢。PHP 的 rand() 函数默认使用 libc 随机数发生器。mt_rand() 函数是非正式用来替换它的。该函数用了 Mersenne Twister 中已知的特性作为随机数发生器,它可以产生随机数值的平均速度比 libc 提供的 rand() 快四倍。
提示和注释
注释:自 PHP 4.2.0 起,不再需要用 srand() 或 mt_srand() 函数给随机数发生器播种,现在已自动完成。

注释:在 3.0.7 之前的版本中,max 的含义是 range 。要在这些版本中得到和上例相同 5 到 15 的随机数,简短的例子是 mt_rand (5, 11)。
例子

在本例中,我们会返回一些随机数:

复制代码 代码如下:

echo(mt_rand());
echo(mt_rand());
echo(mt_rand(10,100));
?>

输出类似:

3150906288
513289678
35
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