Home Java javaTutorial Detailed examples of two methods of splitting strings in Java

Detailed examples of two methods of splitting strings in Java

Jan 18, 2017 pm 04:21 PM

前言

相信大家应该都知道在java编程中,有时候我们需要把一个字符串按照某个特定字符、字母等作为截点分割这个字符串,这样我们就可以使用这个字符串的一部分或者把所有截取的内容保存到数组里等操作。下面这篇文章就给大家分享了两种分割的方法,下面来一起看看吧。

一、java.lang.String 的 split() 方法, JDK 1.4 or later

public String[] split(String regex,int limit)

示例代码

public class StringSplit {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  String sourceStr = "1,2,3,4,5";
  String[] sourceStrArray = sourceStr.split(",");
  for (int i = 0; i < sourceStrArray.length; i++) {
   System.out.println(sourceStrArray[i]);
  }
 
  // 最多分割出3个字符串
  int maxSplit = 3;
  sourceStrArray = sourceStr.split(",", maxSplit);
  for (int i = 0; i < sourceStrArray.length; i++) {
   System.out.println(sourceStrArray[i]);
  }
 }
}
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输出结果:

1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3,4,5
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split 的实现直接调用的 matcher 类的 split 的方法。在使用String.split方法分隔字符串时,分隔符如果用到一些特殊字符,可能会得不到我们预期的结果。

在正则表达式中有特殊的含义的字符,我们使用的时候必须进行转义,示例:

public class StringSplit {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  String value = "192.168.128.33";
  // 注意要加\\,要不出不来,yeah
  String[] names = value.split("\\.");
  for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
   System.out.println(names[i]);
  }
 }
}
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split分隔符总结

1.字符"|","*","+"都得加上转义字符,前面加上"\\"。

2.而如果是"\",那么就得写成"\\\\"。

3.如果一个字符串中有多个分隔符,可以用"|"作为连字符。

比如:String str = "Java string-split#test",可以用Str.split(" |-|#")把每个字符串分开。这样就把字符串分成了3个子字符串。

二、java.util.Tokenizer JDK 1.0 or later

StringTokenizer

StringTokenizer 类允许应用程序将字符串分解为标记。StringTokenizer 是出于兼容性的原因而被保留的遗留类(虽然在新代码中并不鼓励使用它)。建议所有寻求此功能的人使用 String 的 split 方法或 java.util.regex 包。

代码示例

public class StringSplit {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  String ip = "192.168.128.33";
  StringTokenizer token=new StringTokenizer(ip,".");
  while(token.hasMoreElements()){
   System.out.print(token.nextToken()+" ");
  }
 
 }
}
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但是StringTokenizer对于字符串"192.168..33"的分割,返回的字符串数组只有3个元素,对于两个分隔符之间的空字符串会忽略,这个要慎重使用。

但是String.split(String.split是用正则表达式匹配,所以不使用KMP字符串匹配算法)用的都是按顺序遍历的算法,时间复杂度O(m*n),较高,所以性能上,StringTokenizer好很多,对于频繁使用字符串分割的应用,例如etl数据处理,使用StringTokenizer性能可以提高很多。

总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流。

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