Home Backend Development Python Tutorial Detailed explanation and example code of python queue

Detailed explanation and example code of python queue

Dec 05, 2016 pm 01:27 PM
python queue queue

队列特性:先进先出(FIFO)——先进队列的元素先出队列。来源于我们生活中的队列(先排队的先办完事)。

Queue模块最常与threading模块一起构成生产-消费者模型,提供了一个适用于多线程编程的先进先出的数据结构,即队列。

该模块源码中包含5个类:

其中,Empty和Full是两个异常类,当队列的Queue.get(block=0)或者调用get_nowait()时,如果队列为空,则抛EmptyException异常。

   同理,当队列的Queue.put(block=0)或者调用put_nowait()时,如果队列为达到maxsize,则抛FullException异常。

其他三个类:

Queue类:典型的队列模型,FIFO先入先出。  class Queue.Queue(maxsize)     maxsize为队列长度,指明了队列中能存放的数据个数的上限。一旦达到上限,插入会导致阻                                                                                                                塞,

直到队列中的数据被消费掉。如果maxsize小于或者等于0,队列大小没有限制。

LifoQueue类:继承自Queue,类似于堆栈,先入后出。  class Queue.LifoQueue(maxsize)

PriorityQueue类:继承自Queue,优先级队列,级别越低越先出来。  class Queue.PriorityQueue(maxsize)

所以,只要搞定Queue类,就基本搞定Queue模块。

Queue类中常用的方法:

Queue.qsize()            返回队列的大小
Queue.empty()          如果队列为空,返回True,反之False
Queue.full()           如果队列满了,返回True,反之False
Queue.full              与 maxsize 大小对应

Queue.get([block[, timeout]])    获取队列,timeout等待时间 ,调用队列对象的get()方法从队头删除并返回一个项目。可选参数为block,默认为True。如果队列为空且block为True,get()就使调用线程暂停,直至有项目可用。如果队列为空且block为False,队列将引发Empty异常。

Queue.get_nowait()    相当于Queue.get(False)

Queue.put(item)

  写入队列,timeout等待时间 ,调用队列对象的put()方法在队尾插入一个项目。put()有两个参数,第一个item为必需的,为插入项目的值;第   二个block为可选参数,默认为1。如果队列当前为空且block为1,put()方法就使调用线程暂停,直到空出一个数据单元。如果block为0,put方法将引发Full异常。                                            

Queue.put_nowait(item) 相当Queue.put(item, False)

Queue.task_done()

  在完成一项工作之后,Queue.task_done()函数向任务已经完成的队列发送一个信号

Queue.join()

 实际上意味着等到队列为空,再执行别的操作

一个小的练习实例:

#coding:utf-8
import random, threading, time
import Queue
'''
实现了一个生产线程,用于往队列中添加随机数10个,
实现了一个消费线程,分别消耗奇数随机数和偶数随机数
'''

class producer(threading.Thread):
  def __init__(self,t_name,queue):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self,name=t_name)
    self.data = queue
  def run(self):
    for i in xrange(10):
      random_num = random.randint(1,99)
      print "%s : %s 生产了一个随机数\033[31;0m %d \033[0m放入队列中" % (time.ctime(),self.getName(),random_num)
      self.data.put(random_num)
      time.sleep(1)
    print "生产线程完成!!"


class consumer(threading.Thread):
  def __init__(self,t_name,queue):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self,name=t_name)
    self.data = queue
  def run(self):
    while True:
      try:
        tmp_num = self.data.get(1,5) #定义超时时间5秒
        if tmp_num%2 == 0:
          print "%s : %s 消耗了一个队列中的偶数随机数\033[31;0m %d \033[0m" % (time.ctime(),self.getName(),tmp_num)
          time.sleep(2)
        else:
          print "%s : %s 消耗了一个队列中的奇数随机数\033[31;0m %d \033[0m" % (time.ctime(), self.getName(), tmp_num)
          time.sleep(2)
      except:
        print "消费线程完成!!" #一旦到达超时时间5秒,会抛异常,break退出循环
        break


def main():
  queue = Queue.Queue(0)
  pro = producer('Pro', queue)
  con = consumer('Con', queue)
  pro.start()
  con.start()
  pro.join()
  con.join()
  print 'All threads complete!!!'

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()
Copy after login

感谢阅读,希望能帮助到大家,谢谢大家对本站的支持!

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Roblox: Bubble Gum Simulator Infinity - How To Get And Use Royal Keys
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Nordhold: Fusion System, Explained
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Mandragora: Whispers Of The Witch Tree - How To Unlock The Grappling Hook
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1666
14
PHP Tutorial
1273
29
C# Tutorial
1252
24
PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Apr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

How to run sublime code python How to run sublime code python Apr 16, 2025 am 08:48 AM

To run Python code in Sublime Text, you need to install the Python plug-in first, then create a .py file and write the code, and finally press Ctrl B to run the code, and the output will be displayed in the console.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History Apr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Apr 16, 2025 am 12:12 AM

Python is more suitable for beginners, with a smooth learning curve and concise syntax; JavaScript is suitable for front-end development, with a steep learning curve and flexible syntax. 1. Python syntax is intuitive and suitable for data science and back-end development. 2. JavaScript is flexible and widely used in front-end and server-side programming.

Golang vs. Python: Performance and Scalability Golang vs. Python: Performance and Scalability Apr 19, 2025 am 12:18 AM

Golang is better than Python in terms of performance and scalability. 1) Golang's compilation-type characteristics and efficient concurrency model make it perform well in high concurrency scenarios. 2) Python, as an interpreted language, executes slowly, but can optimize performance through tools such as Cython.

Where to write code in vscode Where to write code in vscode Apr 15, 2025 pm 09:54 PM

Writing code in Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is simple and easy to use. Just install VSCode, create a project, select a language, create a file, write code, save and run it. The advantages of VSCode include cross-platform, free and open source, powerful features, rich extensions, and lightweight and fast.

How to run python with notepad How to run python with notepad Apr 16, 2025 pm 07:33 PM

Running Python code in Notepad requires the Python executable and NppExec plug-in to be installed. After installing Python and adding PATH to it, configure the command "python" and the parameter "{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}{FILE_NAME}" in the NppExec plug-in to run Python code in Notepad through the shortcut key "F6".

See all articles