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php for 循环语句使用方法详细说明_php基础

May 17, 2016 am 09:01 AM
for php cycle

for循环只是一个多一点的代码,同时循环添加到它。而所涉及的一个循环的共同任务是:

设置一些计数器变量的初始值。
请检查条件语句是正确的。
执行中的代码循环。
增量在每个迭代结束通过循环计数器。
for循环允许你定义一个简单的代码行这些步骤。它似乎有一种奇怪的形式,所以一定要密切注意语法用!

for 循环的语法是:

for (expr1; expr2; expr3)
statement

第一个表达式(expr1)在循环开始前无条件求值一次。

expr2 在每次循环开始前求值。如果值为 TRUE,则继续循环,执行嵌套的循环语句。如果值为 FALSE,则终止循环。

expr3 在每次循环之后被求值(执行)。

每个表达式都可以为空或包括逗号分隔的多个表达式。表达式 expr2 中,所有用逗号分隔的表达式都会计算,但只取最后一个结果。expr2 为空意味着将无限循环下去(和 C 一样,PHP 认为其值为 TRUE)。这可能不像想象中那样没有用,因为经常会希望用 break 语句来结束循环而不是用 for 的表达式真值判断。


看简单实例一

复制代码 代码如下:

FOR ($i = 0; $i {
print "value is now " . $i . "
";
}

输出值

value is now 0
value is now 1
value is now 2

在第一循环,$i=0,这意味着表达,($i
在第二循环,$ = 1,这意味着表达,($i
在第三迭代,$i= 2,这意味着表达,($i
在第四迭代,$i= 3,这意味着表达,($i
实例二
复制代码 代码如下:

$brush_price = 5;

echo "";
echo "";
echo "";
for ( $counter = 10; $counter echo "";
}
echo "
QuantityPrice
";
echo $counter;
echo "
";
echo $brush_price * $counter;
echo "
";

输出值

Quantity Price
10 50
20 100
30 150
40 200
50 250
60 300
70 350
80 400
90 450
100 500

可以参考以下的例子,它们都显示数字 1 到 10:
复制代码 代码如下:

/* example 1 */

for ($i = 1; $i echo $i;
}

/* example 2 */

for ($i = 1; ; $i++) {
if ($i > 10) {
break;
}
echo $i;
}

/* example 3 */

$i = 1;
for (;;) {
if ($i > 10) {
break;
}
echo $i;
$i++;
}

/* example 4 */

for ($i = 1, $j = 0; $i ?>

当然,第一个例子看上去最正常(或者第四个),但用户可能会发现在 for 循环中用空的表达式在很多场合下会很方便。

PHP 也支持用冒号的 for 循环的替代语法。
复制代码 代码如下:

for (expr1; expr2; expr3):
statement;
...
endfor;

我们经常需要对下面这样的数组进行遍历:

复制代码 代码如下:

/*
* 我们想要在遍历的过程中改变以下数组中某些元素的值
*/
$people = Array(
Array('name' => 'Kalle', 'salt' => 856412),
Array('name' => 'Pierre', 'salt' => 215863)
);

for($i = 0; $i {
$people[$i]['salt'] = rand(000000, 999999);
}
?>

以上代码的问题,在于for的第二个表达式会导致代码执行很慢--因为每次循环时都要 计算一遍数组的长度。由于数组的长度始终不变,我们可以用一个中间变量来存储数组长度, 然后用这个变量作为for循环的第二个表达式。这样在循环的时候就可以直接使用该变量的值, 不用每次重新计算。 如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

$people = Array(
Array('name' => 'Kalle', 'salt' => 856412),
Array('name' => 'Pierre', 'salt' => 215863)
);

for($i = 0, $size = sizeof($people); $i {
$people[$i]['salt'] = rand(000000, 999999);
}
?>
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