php单态设计模式(单例模式)实例_php技巧
单态设计模式也叫单例模式:
1.单态设计模式含义:
单态模式的主要作用是保证在面向对象编程设计中,一个类只能有一个实例对象存在。作为对象的创建模式,单例模式确保某一个类只有一个实例,而且自行实例化并向整个系统全局地提供这个实例。它不会创建实例副本,而是会向单例类内部存储的实例返回一个引用。
2.单台模式的三个关键点:
① 需要一个保存类的唯一实例的静态成员变量;
②构造函数和克隆函数必须声明为私有的,防止外部程序new类从而失去单例模式的意义;
③必须提供一个访问这个实例的公共的静态方法(通常为getInstance方法),从而返回唯一实例的一个引用 。
class DB {
private static $obj = null; //声明一个私有的,静态的成员属性$obj
private function__construct() { //私有构造方法,只能在类的内部实例化对象
echo "连接数据库成功
";
}
public static function getInstance() { // 通过此静态方法才能获取本类的对象
if(is_null(self::$obj)) //如果本类中的$obj为空,说明还没有被实例化过
self::$obj = new self(); //实例化本类对象
return self::$obj; //返回本类的对象
}
public function query($sql) { //执行SQL语句完成对数据库的操作
echo $sql;
}
}
$db = DB::getInstance(); //只能使用静态方法getInstance()去获取DB类的对象
$db -> query("select *from user"); //访问对象中的成员
?>

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