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php单态设计模式(单例模式)实例_php技巧

May 16, 2016 pm 08:31 PM
php Singleton pattern

单态设计模式也叫单例模式:

1.单态设计模式含义:

单态模式的主要作用是保证在面向对象编程设计中,一个类只能有一个实例对象存在。作为对象的创建模式,单例模式确保某一个类只有一个实例,而且自行实例化并向整个系统全局地提供这个实例。它不会创建实例副本,而是会向单例类内部存储的实例返回一个引用。

2.单台模式的三个关键点:

① 需要一个保存类的唯一实例的静态成员变量;
②构造函数和克隆函数必须声明为私有的,防止外部程序new类从而失去单例模式的意义;
③必须提供一个访问这个实例的公共的静态方法(通常为getInstance方法),从而返回唯一实例的一个引用 。

复制代码 代码如下:

class DB {
    private static $obj = null;           //声明一个私有的,静态的成员属性$obj
    private function__construct() {       //私有构造方法,只能在类的内部实例化对象
        echo "连接数据库成功
";
    }
    public static function getInstance() {  // 通过此静态方法才能获取本类的对象
        if(is_null(self::$obj))  //如果本类中的$obj为空,说明还没有被实例化过
            self::$obj = new self();  //实例化本类对象
            return self::$obj;  //返回本类的对象
    }
    public function query($sql) {  //执行SQL语句完成对数据库的操作
        echo $sql;
    }
}
    $db = DB::getInstance();        //只能使用静态方法getInstance()去获取DB类的对象
    $db -> query("select *from user");       //访问对象中的成员
?>
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