Linux中为php配置伪静态_php实例
mod_rewrite是Apache的一个非常强大的功能,它可以实现伪静态页面。下面我详细说说它的使用方法
1.检测Apache是否支持mod_rewrite
通过php提供的phpinfo()函数查看环境配置,通过Ctrl+F查找到“Loaded Modules”,其中列出了所有apache2handler已经开启的模块,如果里面包括“mod_rewrite”,则已经支持,不再需要继续设置。
如果没有开启“mod_rewrite”,则打开目录 您的apache安装目录“/apache/conf/” 下的 httpd.conf 文件,通过Ctrl+F查找到“LoadModule rewrite_module”,将前面的”#”号删除即可。
如果没有查找到,则到“LoadModule” 区域,在最后一行加入“LoadModule rewrite_module ,modules/mod_rewrite.so”(必选独占一行),然后重启apache服务器即可。
2.让apache服务器支持.htaccess
如何让自己的本地APACHE服务器支持”.htaccess”呢?其实只要简单修改一下apache的httpd.conf设置就可以让 APACHE支 持.htaccess了。打开httpd.conf文件(在那里? APACHE目录的CONF目录里面),
用文本编辑器打开后,查找
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
改为
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
就可以了。
3.建立.htaccess 文件
有1种最简单的方法建立.htaccess文件:
用记事本 打开,点击文件–另存为,在文件名窗口输入”.htaccess”,注意是整个绿色部分,
也就是包含英文引号,然后点击保存就行了。
4.rewrite规则学习
我们新建一个.htaccess文件之后,就在里面写入以下内容:
RewriteEngine on #rewriteengine为重写引擎开关on为开启off为关闭
RewriteRule ([0-9]{1,})index.php?id=1
我讲解一下RewriteRule:RewriteRule是重写规则,支持正则表达式的,上面的([0-9]{1,})是指由数
字组成的,是结束标志,说明是以数字结束!好吧,现在我们可以实现伪静态页面了,写下一下的规则:RewriteEngineonRewriteRule([a−zA−Z]1,)−([0−9]1,).htmlindex.php?action=1&id=2
([a-zA-Z]{1,})-([0-9]{1,}).html是规则,index.php?action=1&id=2是要替换的格式,1代表第
一个括号匹配的值,2代表第二个,如此类推!!我们写一个处理的PHP脚本:index.phpPHP代码echo‘你的Action是:′._GET['action'];
echo ‘
';
echo ‘你的ID是:' . $_GET['id'];
?>
好了,我们现在在浏览器中输入:
localhost/page-18.html
输出的是:
你的Action是:page
你的ID是:18
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
查看apache的httpd.conf没有LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so这一行,则需要手动生成此模块,方法如下:
apache源码包路径为:/ftp/httpd2.2
apache安装路径:/usr/local/apache/
一、增加mod_rewrite模块
# find . -name mod_rewrite.c //在apache的源码安装目录中寻找mod_rewrite.c文件
./modules/mappers/mod_rewrite.c
# cd /ftp/httpd2.2/modules/mappers //进入包含mod_rewrite.c文件的目录
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -c mod_rewrite.c //apxs应指定绝对路径,在你当前正在使用apache的bin目录里
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -n mod_rewrite mod_rewrite.la
如果没有什么错误的话,应该在你的apache的modules目录(/usr/local/apache/modules)中编译出一个mod_rewrite.so文件。
编辑httpd.conf文件,确认httpd.conf中已经包含mod_rewrite.so的加载语句,如下:
LoadModule mod_rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
二、重启apache
1、如果出现以下错误:
httpd: Syntax error on line 54 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Can't locate API module structure `mod_rewrite_module' in file /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_rewrite.so: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_rewrite.so: undefined symbol: mod_rewrite_module
需要把
LoadModule mod_rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
改为
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
2、如果出现以下错误
httpd: Syntax error on line 54 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: module rewrite_module is built-in and can't be loaded
表示模块是内建的,不用再调入,注释掉
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
三、对某一虚拟站点开启url重写
1、编辑httpd-vhost.conf,在对应的站点标签内加入:
Directory /website/webA
AllowOverride All
/Directory
即:
VirtualHost *:80
DocumentRoot /website/webA
ErrorLog logs/webA.com-error_log
CustomLog logs/webA.com-access_log common
Directory /website/webA
AllowOverride All
/Directory
/VirtualHost
四、把对站点的重写规则保存到站点根目录下,文件名为“.htaccess”
五、重启apache即可

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