php的Snoopy类
用了两天这个类,发现很好用。
获取请求网页里面的所有链接,直接使用fetchlinks就可以,获取所有文本信息使用fetchtext(其内部还是使用正则表达式在进行处理),还有其它较多的功能,如模拟提交表单等。
使用方法:
1、先下载Snoopy类,下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/snoopy/
2、先实例化一个对象,然后调用相应的方法即可获取抓取的网页信息
示例:
include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php'; $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $sourceURL = "http://xxxxxxxxx";$snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL); $a = $snoopy->results;
它并没有提供获取网页中所有图片地址的方法,自己有个需求是要获取一个页面中所有文章列表中图片地址。然后自己就写了一个,主要还是正则那里匹配重要。
//匹配图片的正则表达式 $reTag = "/<img [^s]+src=\"(http:\/\/[^\"]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)\"[^\/]*\/ alt="php的Snoopy类" >/i";
因为需求比较特殊,只需要抓取写死htp://开头的图片(外站的图片可能使得了防盗链,想先抓取到本地)
实现思路:
1、抓取指定网页,并筛选出预期的所有文章地址;
2、循环抓取第一步中的文章地址,然后使用匹配图片的正则表达式进行匹配,获取页面中所有符合规则的图片地址;
3、根据图片后缀和ID(这里只有gif、jpg)保存图片---如果此图片文件存在,先将其删除再保存
<meta http-equiv='content-type' content='text/html;charset=utf-8'><?php include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php'; $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $sourceURL = "http://xxxxx"; $snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL); $a = $snoopy->results; $re = "/\d+\.html$/"; //过滤获取指定的文件地址请求 foreach ($a as $tmp) { if (preg_match($re, $tmp)) { getImgURL($tmp); } } function getImgURL($siteName) { $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $snoopy->fetch($siteName); $fileContent = $snoopy->results; //匹配图片的正则表达式 $reTag = "/<img [^s]+src=\"(http:\/\/[^\"]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)\"[^\/]*\/ alt="php的Snoopy类" >/i"; if (preg_match($reTag, $fileContent)) { $ret = preg_match_all($reTag, $fileContent, $matchResult); for ($i = 0, $len = count($matchResult[1]); $i < $len; ++$i) { saveImgURL($matchResult[1][$i], $matchResult[2][$i]); } } } function saveImgURL($name, $suffix) { $url = $name.".".$suffix; echo "请求的图片地址:".$url."<br/>"; $imgSavePath = "E:/xxx/style/images/"; $imgId = preg_replace("/^.+\/(\d+)$/", "\\1", $name); if ($suffix == "gif") { $imgSavePath .= "emotion"; } else { $imgSavePath .= "topic"; } $imgSavePath .= ("/".$imgId.".".$suffix); if (is_file($imgSavePath)) { unlink($imgSavePath); echo "<p style="max-width:90%">文件".$imgSavePath."已存在,将被删除</p>"; } $imgFile = file_get_contents($url); $flag = file_put_contents($imgSavePath, $imgFile); if ($flag) { echo "<p>文件".$imgSavePath."保存成功</p>"; } }?>
在使用php抓取网页:内容、图片、链接的时候,我觉得最重要的还是正则(根据抓取的内容和指定的规则获取想要的数据),思路其实都比较简单,用到的方法也并不多,也就那几个(而且抓取内容还是直接调用别人写好的类中的方法就可以了)
但之前想过的是php似乎并没有实现如下的方法,比如一个文件中有N行(N很大),需要将其中符合规则的行内容进行替换,如第3行是aaa需要转成bbbbb。一般的需要修改文件时的常见做法:
1、一次读取整个文件(或是逐行读取),然后使用临时文件进行保存最终转换后的结果,再替换原始文件
2、逐行读取,使用fseek控制文件指针的位置,然后fwrite写入
方案1在文件较大时,一次读取不可取(逐行读取,然后写入临时文件再替换原始文件效率感觉也不高),方案2则在被替换的字符串长度小于等于目标值时没问题,但超过了则会有问题,它会“越界”,将下一行的数据也打乱了(不能像JavaScript中有“选区”的概念,使用新的内容进行替换)
下面是使用方案2做试验的代码:
<?php$mode = "r+";$filename = "d:/file.txt";$fp = fopen($filename, $mode);if ($fp) { $i = 1; while (!feof($fp)) { $str = fgets($fp); echo $str; if ($i == 1) { $len = strlen($str); fseek($fp, -$len, SEEK_CUR);//指针向前移动 fwrite($fp, "123"); } $i++; } fclose($fp);}?>
先读取一行,此时文件指针其实是指到下一行开头,使用fseek将文件指针回移到上一行起始位置,然后使用fwrite进行替换操作,正因为是替换操作,在不指定长度的情况下,它把影响到下一行的数据,而我想要的是只想针对这一行进行操作,例如删除这一行或是整行只替换为一个1,上面的例子达不到要求,或许是我还没有找到合适的方法… 你有好的方法吗?

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