{php 控制流}

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:34 PM

Table of Contents 简介 if else elseif/else if switch
while do-while for foreach

break continue goto declare return require include require_once include_once

###简单说说:PHP文件包含语句有 include、include_once、require、require_once区别

 

              <p class="sycode">              1、include()格式1:include(path/filename);格式2:include 'filename';一、include()语句将在其被调用的位置处包含一个文件。包含一个文件与在该语句所在位置复制制定文件的数据具有相同内              </p>              <p class="sycode">              容的效果。使用include()时可以忽略括号。二、可以根据条件来执行include()语句。在条件语句中使用include()有个怪现象,它必须包围在语句块大括号中,或者用              </p>              <p class="sycode">              其他语句包围符括起来。<?php if(false){  include 'index.php'; }else{  include('index.php'); } ?>              </p>                    <p class="sycode">               2、include_once() 格式1:include_once(filename);格式2:include_once 'filename';include_once()函数的作用与include相同,不过它会首先验证是否已经包含了该文件。如果已经包含,则不再执行              </p>              <p class="sycode">              include_once。否则,则必须包含该文件。除了这一点与include完全相同。3、require() 格式1:require(filename);格式2:require 'filename';require()在很大程度上与include相同,都是将一个模板文件包含到require调用坐在的位置。require和include之间有两点重要的区别:              </p>              <p class="sycode">              首先,无论require的位置如何,制定文件都将包含到出现require的脚本中。例如,即使require放在计算结果为假的if语              </p>              <p class="sycode">                 句中,依然会包含指定文件。              </p>              <p class="sycode">              第二个重要的区别是:require出错时,脚本将停止运行,而在使用include的情况下,脚本将继续执行。4、require_once() 格式1:require_once(filename);格式2:require_once 'filename';随着网站越来越大,可能会出现重复包含某些文件。这也许不是问题,但又是修改了所包含文件的变量后,却由于后面再次包              </p>              <p class="sycode">              含原来的文件而被覆盖,可能不希望出现这种情况。还可能出现另一个问题,即所包含文件中函数名的冲突。使用              </p>              <p class="sycode">              require_once就可以解决这些问题。require_once函数确保文件只包含一次。在遇到require_once后,后面再试图包含相同的文件时将被忽略。include()在引入文件时候出错时,脚本会继续向下执行require() 在引入文件时候出错时,脚本不会继续向下执行              </p>
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###流程控制的替代语法

PHP 提供了一些流程控制的替代语法,包括 if,while,for,foreach 和 switch。

替代语法的基本形式是把左花括号({)换成冒号(:),把右花括号(})分别换成endif;,endwhile;,endfor;,endforeach; 以及 endswitch;。

              <p class="sycode">              <?    php    if     ($a     >     $b) { echo     "    123    "    ;} elseif ($a     ==     $b) { echo     "    456    "    ;}     else     { echo     "    789    "    ;}    ?>              </p>
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              <p class="sycode">              <?    php    if     (    true    ) : echo     "    123    "    ; elseif (    2         ==     $b) : echo     "    456    "    ; echo     "    789    "    ;     else     : echo     "    789    "    ; echo     "    789    "    ; echo     "    789    "    ;endif    ?>              </p>
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