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PHP之PHP语法学习笔记(转)

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:29 PM


一,PHP脚本代码标记

PHP的脚本是文件中一对特殊标记所包括的内容,如ASP是“”,PHP可看成是“...?>”。

然而为了适应XML标准以将PHP嵌入到XML或XHTML中,PHP不建议使用短格式的“...?>”,而建议使用长格式标记“

此外PHP代码块还支持 的标记形式。


二,PHP指令分隔符

PHP的每条语句需要由分号“;”隔开,但对于PHP结束标记“?>”来说,因其自动隐含一个分号,所以不需要追加分号。

所以,一个PHP脚本的格式可如下:


/*
............ ;
............ ;
............ ;
............
*/
//注意最后一行可以没有分号
?>



三,PHP的注释

PHP多行注释使用 “/* ......... */”

单行注释使用“#”或“//”


四,PHP的输出

ASP中使用“”快速输出单行,或使用“”

在PHP中直接使用“echo()”或“print()”,比如:


echo "a";
echo (b);
echo ("c");
echo d;
?>


将输出为“abcd”,以上四种均能正常输出。

但这在ASP中,尤其是 echo "a";和 echo d; 均输出为字符串本身,是不可能的。这就需要了解到PHP的变量定义。


五,PHP的变量

和ASP一样,PHP变量也可以不需要先定义,直接使用即可。对于变量的类型,在赋值时自动生成。

PHP中的各种变量均在变量名前加上“$”以示区别。


$a="123";
echo a;
echo $a;
?>


输入为“a123”

六,PHP中的单引号和双引号之别


$a="123";
echo "$a";
echo '$a';
?>


输出为“123$a”,其中 echo "$a" 输出了变量a的值,而 echo '$a' 输出的是单引号中的字符串本身。


$a="123";
echo "$a'$a'";
?>


则输出为“123'123'”并不是“123$a”。虽然是'$a',但置于双引号下变量还是被替换了。

所以,可以得出:只要是双引号中内容中的变量,都会被替代;而单引号中的则不作任何替换。

双引号中的内容需转义的,使用“\”前缀,比如“\\”,“\$”、“\"”。所以要输入“123$a”,则为


$a="123";
echo "$a\$a";
?>


再比如:


$a="123";
echo "$a\$a\"\\";
?>


输出为 “123$a"\” 。


ASP 转学PHP需要注意:

1 ,分隔符逗号 “ ; ” 容易忘记写。
2 ,变量的定义和使用。
3 ,单引号和双引号的用法。

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