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PHP 3:从Login界面谈PHP标记

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:29 PM

前一篇文章简要介绍了此实例。
OK,我们就从第一个页面Login页面入手吧。
还是看看界面

怎么样,是不是很想指导它到底是如何实现的呢?好的,看看其代码吧:

1 php
2   require_once ( ' bookmark_fns.php ' );
3  do_html_header( '' );
4
5  display_site_info(); 
6  display_login_form();
7
8  do_html_footer();
9 ?>


看见这些代码你有什么看法?OK,我下面一一做出解释:
1)PHP如何从HTML分离
   看看第1行和第9行,那么是
 

php
  
?>

当 PHP 解析一个文件时,会寻找开始和结束标记,这里,开始标记是 ,如果你使用过ASP.NET,肯定还记得 ,它们的作用有点类似。这些标记告诉 PHP 开始和停止解释这些标记内包含的代码。使用了这些标记,PHP就会忽略它们之外的内容。这样它们可以嵌入到各种文档中,当然最常见的就是嵌入HTML页面里。
 上面介绍的是最常见的HTML分离,那么有没有更高级的呢?当然有。例子如下:

 1 php
 2   if ( $IsFinished )
 3   {
 4 ?>
 5    Congrats on you !  You finished the job ! strong >
 6
 7 php
 8   }
 9    else
10   {
11 ?>
12 I ' m sorry to hear that.Go on doing it!
13 14 }
15 ?>

此例可正常工作,并且结果是
    I'm sorry to hear that.Go on doing it!
 因为当 PHP 碰到结束标记 ?> 时,就简单地将其后的内容原样输出直到碰到下一个开始标记为止。当然,上面的例子很做作,但是对输出大块的文本而言,脱离 PHP 解析模式通常比将所有内容用 echo() 或者 print() 输出更有效率。

可以在 PHP 中使用四对不同的开始和结束标记。其中两种, 总是可用的。另两种是短标记和 ASP 风格标记,可以在 php.ini 配置文件中打开或关闭。尽管有些人觉得短标记和 ASP 风格标记很方便,但移植性较差,通常不推荐。 以上文字来自PHP网站。
OK,总结一下,PHP标记有4种。
分别是:
(1). 上面的这种,例子是  

1 php  echo   " this is the first style "   ?>

(2) 类似于JavaScirpt的,可以为  

1
2 echo   " this is the second style, similiar with  JavaScript.:) "
3 script >

(3) 短标记类型,可以为

1   echo   ' this is the third style ' ;  ?>

或者

1     =  expression  ?>  This is a shortcut  for   "  echo expression ?> "

(4) ASP风格的,可以为

1
2      

一般来说,1,2总是可以用的,但是第一种看起来更加常用。
至于第3种,仅当php.ini 配置文件中的指令 short_open_tag 打开后才可用,或者在 PHP 编译时加入了 --enable-short-tags 选项。
至于第4中,仅当 php.ini 配置文件中的指令 asp_tags 打开后才可用。

注意:以上例子已经测试通过。
2) require_once

 这个问题类似C/C++里的include,将头文件引入,同时也类似于C#里的using namespace,Java里的import等。这里就是将bookmark_fns.php文件引入。但是仅仅这些吗?不是。它与 require() 语句类似,唯一区别是如果该文件中的代码已经被包含了,则不会再次包含.说着说着,还有2个函数,include()和include_once(),require() 和 include() 除了怎样处理失败之外在各方面都完全一样。include() 产生一个警告而 require() 则导致一个致命错误。换句话说,如果想在丢失文件时停止处理页面,那就别犹豫了,用 require() 吧。include() 就不是这样,脚本会继续运行。同时也要确认设置了合适的include_path。

3)函数
  下面有4个函数,即:

do_html_header( '' );

 display_site_info(); 
 display_login_form();

 do_html_footer();

你可能比较纳闷,这些家伙们是从哪里出来的呢?不要紧,可以这么理解,类似于C语言,require_once引用了bookmark_fns.php头文件,这些函数都包括在这个头文件里了。打个比方,但是有些叫法可不能这么叫的.
说说这些函数是干什么用的吧。
do_html_header('')是用来页面的头。即PHPBookmark。
 display_site_info()显示Site的信息,即“Store your bookmarks online with us!..."这段话的。
display_login_form()显示登录的那部分。
do_html_footer()显示页尾的。
至于它们怎么定义,在一篇文章里描述。

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