优秀PHP程序员应具备的5大能力
MySQL能力
在开发上的应用基于几个能力体现:
(1)了解:知道用PHP连接数据库;懂得写一些简单的SQL;建一些简单的索引;懂得用工具简单操作一下数据库(增删改库表结构数据等等)。
(2)熟悉:懂得在开发应用上设计数据库,建立一些有效的索引,用explain分析SQL性能,压力测试等等。
(3)很熟悉:深入了解数据库索引、存储引擎原理以及运行机制,能有效地构建高性能可扩展的数据库结构/架构,有效地优化数据库性能配置并加以调试,分析数据库运行状态。
(4)精通:简单地说具备以上所有能力的同时,有多年高负载分布式环境下的优化管理经验。
据观察以及交往经验,70%的PHPer处在了解阶段,25%处于熟悉阶段,>4%很熟悉,精通的人基本就不是PHPer了。
◆70%这个群体最容易忽视MySQL,以为MySQL只是简单的存储媒介,没有优化意识,认为加个内存、CPU就能解决问题。
典型事件:join、order by、group by等语句性能一塌糊涂,数据库根本没有设计(仅限于拆成一个主表,N个附表等),搞不清字段类型及作用,碰到大表的复杂查询就没辙。
◆20%这个群体的人只是MySQL运行机制理解不透彻,对影响MySQL性能的关健因素把握不明确,不熟练。
典型事件:熟读手册,但说不清索引原理,不知道二叉树、HASH等算法对于数据库的作用
◆4%的群体已经基本可以胜任DBA的职能。
OOP能力
(1)了解:了解变量的作用域、类型,及其意义,了解继承机制等,懂得复用、封装概念。
(2)熟悉:熟练应用接口、抽象等技术混合开发程序,并理解其中含义,一般研究过Java。
(3)很熟悉:有过OOP架构设计经验,熟悉设计模式、UML,熟悉PHP对象运行机制,内容管理等。
(4)精通:应该是架构师级别了,不限于PHP。
经常我们会碰到一些自称熟悉OOP却连public、private、protected、static都解释不清的人,是肯定没有经历过正规的OOP项目。
大型网站经验
(1)了解:熟悉PHP开发下的缓存应用(Memcache、APC等);接触过LVS、SQUID应用;有一定的Session处理方案;熟悉负载均衡;熟悉PHP数据连接池应用;了解PHP编程性能优化。
(2)熟悉:掌握分布式缓存及缓存性能优化、熟悉存储系统、文件系统、数据库,开发可扩展平台。能结合负载均衡合理布置流量,对PHP运行性能进行监控与分析。
(3)非常熟悉:具备系统分析师能力,已经超出PHPer环节;
(4)精通。
DOM开发能力

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