[PHP]利用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes和base64_encode函数来生成随机字符串
openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数本身是用来生成指定个数的随机字节,因此在使用它来生成随机字符串时,还需要配合使用函数base64_encode。如下所示:
public static function getRandomString($length = 42) { /* * Use OpenSSL (if available) */ if (function_exists('openssl_random_pseudo_bytes')) { $bytes = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length * 2); if ($bytes === false) throw new RuntimeException('Unable to generate a random string'); return substr(str_replace(['/', '+', '='], '', base64_encode($bytes)), 0, $length); } $pool = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'; return substr(str_shuffle(str_repeat($pool, 5)), 0, $length); }
在调用base64_encode函数之后,还对结果进行了一次替换操作,目的是要去除随机生成的字符串中不需要的字符。
当然,在使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数之前,最好使用function_exists来确保该函数在运行时是可用的。如果不可用,则使用Plan B:
substr(str_shuffle(str_repeat($pool, 5)), 0, $length);
这个函数的通用性很强,可以根据业务的需要进行适当修改然后当作静态方法进行调用。

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