Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP获取随机数字和字母的方法大全

PHP获取随机数字和字母的方法大全

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:34 PM

第一种方法

$FileID=date("Ymd-His") . '-' . rand(100,999);

//$FileID为   20100903-132121-908   这样的的随机数

?>

第二种方法

function randomkeys($length) {
    $returnStr='';
    $pattern = '1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLOMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
    for($i = 0; $i         $returnStr .= $pattern {mt_rand ( 0, 61 )}; //生成php随机数
    }
    return $returnStr;
}
echo randomkeys(4);
?>

第三种方法

//seed用户自定义函数以微秒作为种子

function seed()

{

list($msec, $sec) = explode(' ', microtime());

return (float) $sec;

}

//播下随机数发生器种子,用srand函数调用seed函数的返回结果

srand(seed());

//输出产生的随机数,随机数的范围为10-100

echo rand(10,100);

?>

上面这个和下面这个不是没什么不同吗?都是随机输出10-100之间的数,新人学习,可能问的太简单了呵呵

echo rand(10,100);

?>

mt_rand(10,100);


srand是种子,如果不设的话默认是1

rand一般是利用种子做参数的一种固定的运算

你试一下就知道了,不设种子或者设一个固定的种子,运行rand

然后再关了浏览器再开,再运行rand

你会发现结果一直是一样的

先说rand()函数吧,rand([int min], [int max])    本函数从min和max之间取一个随机数。若没有指定随机数的最大及最小范围,本函数会自动的从0到        RAND_MAX中取一个随机数。

但是如果只用rand()这个函数,随机数的乱度很大,每次在取随机数之前最好使用srand()函数,以配置新的随机数种子。

解释一下下面这个用法(一般都是这样用这两个函数的):

srand((double)microtime()*1000000);

$rand_number= rand();

microtime()返回了两个值:当前毫秒和时间戳,我们要提取随机数,只能从毫秒中取一个随机数,(double)microtime()就只返回当前的毫秒值。

microtime()是以秒为单位的毫秒数,因而值都是小数,乘以1000000将其换算为整数



它们的工作流程如下:

(1):首先,给srand()提供一个”种子”;,它是一个unsigned_int类型的值。

(2):_然后,调用rand(),它会根据提供给srand()的值返回一个随机数(范围在_0~32767之间)

(3):根据需要多次调用rand(),不断得到新的随机数。

(4):无论什么时候可以给srand()提供一个新的“种子”,从而进一步“随机化”rand()的

 
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