PHP学习总结--2015.7.5
一、PHP开头基础
使用 var_dump 来获取真正的数据类型;
例: var_dump ($flag);
echo "
"; // 光标跳转到下一行;
1,什么是PHP:
PHP,一个嵌套的缩写名称,是英文超级文本预处理语言(PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor)的缩写.
2,ECHO语句:
echo 语句是PHP中的输出语句,代码如下:
echo "1234";
?>
3,连接符“.”
echo "hi"."inout";
?>
结果:hiinout;
4,注释:
在PHP中用//来表示注释。但是注释必须在之间。
二、变量
1,变量
A.变量可以复制,但是他只保留最后一次的值;
B.定义变量:
$var_namu = "231414";
变量名 变量值(此处为字符串型)
?>
C.命名规则:
a.以$进行标识。
b.以字母或下划线开头;
c.变量名可以由字母、数字、下划线(英文)、汉字组成。
d.变量名不许含有空格,当变量名由多个单词组成时可用下划线(英文)连接。
e.变量名区分大小写。
2.变量的数据类型。
变量的类型便是数据的类型。例如超市的包装袋。不同的商品要使用不同的包装袋。不同的变量也要规定不同的变量类型。
定义四种常用的变量类型:
A.$var_string = "123"; 定义字符串型变量。
B. $G = "1231313" ; 定义整形变量。
C. $F = "123.554" ; 定义浮点型数据。
D.$faf = array("123");定义数组;定义数组需要array(),标识;
3.在PHP中,支持8种原始类型,其中包括四种标量类型,两种复合类型和两种特殊类型;
①、布尔类型????????标量
布尔只有两个值,一个是ture另一个是false。不区分大小写,主要用于条件结构中;
②、整型??????标量
整型(integer):类似于常见的整数,十进制,八进制,十六进制。八进制前加 0;十六进制前加 0x;
③、浮点型??????标量
浮点型(浮点数、双精度数或实数),即通常所说的小数。可以用小数点或者科学计数法表示,e和E等价;
例:
$num_float = 1.234;
$mun_float2= 1.234*10e9;
?>
④、字符串??????????标量
A,字符串是由一系列字符组成,在PHP中,字符和字节一样,也就是说,一共有256种不同的可能性;字符串可以用三种方法定义,单引号,双引号,heredoc结构形式:
$str_string1 = '我要成为PHP大牛';
$str_string2 = "我一定可以在本月中旬找到PHP的工作";
?>
B,字符串中包含单引号和双引号是的处理方式;
$str_string1= '"12312"'; //单引号拥抱双引号;
$str_string2 = "'guahugaghu'"; //双引号拥抱单引号;
$str_string3 = "\"ghasgaho\""; //双引号拥抱双引号;
$str_string4 = '\'huwsehraw\''; //单引号拥抱单引号;
?>
C.字符串中包含变量时:
当双引号中包含变量时,则双引号内容与变量内容链接在一起输出,若单引号中包含变量时,则变量名以字符串形式输出;
$love = "huozhe";
$love1 = "woyao,$love";
$love2 = 'woyao,$love';
echo $love1;
echo "
";
echo $love2;
>
运行结果:woyao,huozhe
woyao,$love
D.当要输出的字符串很长时,可以用heredoc结构解决;
$data_string =
使用的字符串,想输多少都可以;
my;
?>
⑤资源??????特殊类型
资源(resource) :资源是由专门的函数来建立和使用的,例如打开文件,数据连接。图形画布。我们可以对资源进行操作(创建,使用和释放)。任何资源,在不需要的时候都应该被及时释放,如果忘记了释放资源,系统便会启动垃圾回收机制,在页面执行完毕后回收资源,以避免内存被消耗殆尽。
例: $file_handle = fopen("data/php/f.txt","r"); //采用fopen函数打开文件夹,得到返回值则证明打开的位置确实是资源类型;
⑥ 空????特殊;
null;
被赋值为NULL,尚未被赋值的变量,被释放的变量(unsettle($werwq));
例: $wqerqiou = NULL;
$FDSF = " ";
unset($FDSF);
三 、 常量;
常量可以理解为值不变的量(如同圆周率),或者常量被定义后,在脚本的其他地方不可以被改变的量。PHP中常量被分为自定义常量和系统常量;
自定义常量,根据我们开发的需要而定义的常量,他通过使用函数 define()定义;
例 ①define("PI",3.14) == define ("常量名",常量值);
②$q = "PI";
define($q,3.14); == define ("常量名",常量值);

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