Laravel5.1 实现第三方登录认证(包括微博、QQ、微信、豆瓣)
前言
第三方登录认证能简化用户登录/注册的操作,降低用户登录/注册的门槛,对提高应用的用户转化率很有帮助。
Socialite
Laravel 为我们提供了简单、易用的方式,使用 Laravel Socialite 进行 OAuth(OAuth1 和 OAuth2 都有支持) 认证。
Socialite 目前支持的认证有 Facebook、Twitter、Google、LinkedIn、GitHub、Bitbucket。(恩,有一半是“不存在”的网站。)
Socialite 的用法官方文档中已经讲得很详细了,恕不赘述。
英文好的同学,建议直接看 Laravel 官方文档,毕竟看二手知识是有高风险的。
英文不好的同学(比如我),下面是中文文档:
Laravel 5.0:http://laravel-china.org/docs/5.0/authentication#social-authentication
Laravel 5.1:http://laravel.tw/docs/5.1/authentication#social-authentication
SocialiteProviders
SocialiteProviders 通过扩展 Socialite 的 Driver,实现了很多第三方认证。国内的有:微博、QQ、微信、豆瓣。当然你自己也可以参照实现其他的,只要那个网站支持 OAuth。
SocialiteProviders 的使用也超级简单易用,每个都对应了文档。其实,不懂英文也能看懂。
文档地址:http://socialiteproviders.github.io/
其实,文章到这里就应该结束了。由于文档是基于 Laravel5.0 的,所以我还是打算基于 Laravel5.1 演示一遍,并说一下要注意的地方吧。
以 Weibo 为例
1.安装
composer require socialiteproviders/weibo
2.添加 Service Provider
如果之前添加过 Socialite Provider,得先注释掉:
文件 config/app.php
'providers' => [// Laravel\Socialite\SocialiteServiceProvider::class, SocialiteProviders\Manager\ServiceProvider::class, // add],
3.添加 Facades Aliase
如果之前安装 Socialite 时添加过,就不需要再添加了。
还是文件 config/app.php
'aliases' => [ 'Socialite' => Laravel\Socialite\Facades\Socialite::class, // add],
4.添加事件处理器
文件 app/Providers/EventServiceProvider.php
protected $listen = [ 'SocialiteProviders\Manager\SocialiteWasCalled' => [ 'SocialiteProviders\Weibo\WeiboExtendSocialite@handle', ],];
这里顺便提一下 SocialiteProviders 的原理。
SocialiteProviders\Manager\ServiceProvider 实际上是继承于 Laravel\Socialite\SocialiteServiceProvider 的,这是它的源码:
<?phpnamespace SocialiteProviders\Manager;use Illuminate\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher;use Laravel\Socialite\SocialiteServiceProvider;class ServiceProvider extends SocialiteServiceProvider{ /** * @param Dispatcher $event * @param SocialiteWasCalled $socialiteWasCalled */ public function boot(Dispatcher $event, SocialiteWasCalled $socialiteWasCalled) { $event->fire($socialiteWasCalled); }}
它只是在启动时会触发 SocialiteWasCalled 事件,刚才在 SocialiteProviders\Manager\SocialiteWasCalled 事件的监听器中加上了事件处理器:SocialiteProviders\Weibo\WeiboExtendSocialite@handle。处理器的源码:
<?phpnamespace SocialiteProviders\Weibo;use SocialiteProviders\Manager\SocialiteWasCalled;class WeiboExtendSocialite{ public function handle(SocialiteWasCalled $socialiteWasCalled) { $socialiteWasCalled->extendSocialite('weibo', __NAMESPACE__.'\Provider'); }}
处理器做的事情就是为 Socialite 添加了一个 weibo Driver,这样就可以使用 weibo 的 Driver 了。
5.添加路由
文件 app/Http/routes.php
// 引导用户到新浪微博的登录授权页面Route::get('auth/weibo', 'Auth\AuthController@weibo');// 用户授权后新浪微博回调的页面Route::get('auth/callback', 'Auth\AuthController@callback');
6.配置
文件 config/services.php
'weibo' => [ 'client_id' => env('WEIBO_KEY'), 'client_secret' => env('WEIBO_SECRET'), 'redirect' => env('WEIBO_REDIRECT_URI'), ],
文件 .env
WEIBO_KEY=yourkeyfortheserviceWEIBO_SECRET=yoursecretfortheserviceWEIBO_REDIRECT_URI=http://192.168.1.7/laravel/public/auth/callback
注意:192.168.1.7 是我本地虚拟机的地址,虚拟机可以连外网就可以测试了。貌似 QQ 的必须绑定域名才是测试。
当然,直接将配置的具体参数写在 config/services.php 中也是可以的,但是不推荐这样。因为 config/services.php 属于代码文件,而 .env 属于配置文件。当代码上线是只要应用线上环境的配置文件即可,而不需要改动代码文件,这算是一个最佳实践吧。
至于 WEIBO_KEY 和 WEIBO_SECRET 的具体值,这个是由新浪微博分发给你的,在新浪微博的授权回调页中填写 WEIBO_REDIRECT_URI。这些细节已经超出本文的内容,建议直接到 http://open.weibo.com 查阅新浪微博的手册。
7.代码实现
文件 app/Http/Controllers/Auth/AuthController.php
public function weibo() { return \Socialite::with('weibo')->redirect(); // return \Socialite::with('weibo')->scopes(array('email'))->redirect(); } public function callback() { $oauthUser = \Socialite::with('weibo')->user(); var_dump($oauthUser->getId()); var_dump($oauthUser->getNickname()); var_dump($oauthUser->getName()); var_dump($oauthUser->getEmail()); var_dump($oauthUser->getAvatar()); }
访问 http://192.168.1.7/laravel/public/auth/weibo,会跳转到新浪微博的登录授权页面,授权成功后,会跳转到 http://192.168.1.7/laravel/public/auth/callback
返回的结果:
string(10) "3221174302"string(11) "Mr_Jing1992"NULLNULLstring(50) "http://tp3.sinaimg.cn/3221174302/180/40064692810/1"
user 对象是现实了接口 Laravel\Socialite\Contracts\User 的,有以下几个方法:
<?phpnamespace Laravel\Socialite\Contracts;interface User{ public function getId(); public function getNickname(); public function getName(); public function getEmail(); public function getAvatar();}
当然,并不是有了这些方法就一定能获取到你需要的数据的。比如,在新浪的接口中,想要获取用户的 email 是得用户授权的,得到授权后请求获取邮箱的接口,才能拿到用户的邮箱。
详情参见:
http://open.weibo.com/wiki/Scope
http://open.weibo.com/wiki/2/account/profile/email
但是,id 这个应该是所有第三方认证服务提供商都会返回的。不然那就没有办法作账号关联了。
获取到第三方的 id 后,如果这个 id 和你网站用户账号有绑定,就直接登录你网站用户的账号。如果没有任何账号与之绑定,就应该提示用户绑定已有账号或者是注册新账号什么的,这些具体逻辑就不在多说了。还有,在新浪上面还有一个取消授权回调页的值需要填,是用户在授权页点击“取消”按钮时新浪回调的页面。这个可以设置为你网站的登录页面或者其他页面。
补充:
http://socialiteproviders.github.io/providers/qq/ 文档中有一处错误。
SocialiteProviders\QQ\QqExtendSocialite@handle 应该改为:SocialiteProviders\Qq\QqExtendSocialite@handle。注意大小写。
最后:
如有错误,还望指正。

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