PHP:MySQL数据库访问(mysqli & PDO)
一. 使用mysqli访问数据库
1. 连接数据库
$db = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "databaseName");或者:@ $db = mysqli_connect("localhost", "username", "password", "databaseName");
2. 关闭数据库
$db->close();或者:mysqi_close($db);
3. 选择使用的数据库
$db->select_db(databaseName);或者:mysqli_select_db(databaseName);
4. 查询数据库
查询:
$query = "SELECT * from dbName";$result = $db->query($query);或者:mysqli_query($db, $query);
5. 检索查询结果
(1)查询结果的行数:
$num_results = $result->num_rows;或者:$num_results = mysqli_num_rows($result);
(2)查询结果的每一行内容:
$row = $result->fetch_assoc();或者:$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);
获取每一行的字段的值:
$row["books"]
(3)获取查询结果的列举数组:
$row = $result->fetch_object();或者:$row = mysqli_fetch_object($result);
然后可以通过$row[0}、$row[1]或$row->title、$row->author等来访问每个属性。
6. 释放结果集
$result->free();
或者:
mysqli_free_result($result);
二. 使用PDO访问数据库
1. 连接数据库
$mysql = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost", $user, $password);$mysql = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;port=8090", $user, $password);$mysql = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;port=8090;dbname=android", $user, $password);// 连接到一个本地MySQL服务器$mysql = new PDO("mysql:unix_socket=/tmp/mysql.sock", $user, $password);
譬如:
$dbhost = "localhost";$dbdatabase = "android";$username = "android";$userpass = "android";$dsn='mysql:host='.$dbhost.';dbname='.$dbdatabase;try { $dbh = new PDO($dsn,$username,$userpass); foreach($dbh->query('SELECT * from test') as $row) { print_r($row); } // 关闭数据库连接 $dbh = null;} catch (PDOException $e) { print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>"; die();}
2. 关闭数据库
$conn = null;
3. 持久化连接
<?php $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', $user, $pass, array(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true));?>
4. 想数据库中插入数据
try { $dbh->beginTransaction(); $dbh->exec("insert into staff (id, first, last) values (23, 'Joe', 'Bloggs')"); $dbh->exec("insert into salarychange (id, amount, changedate) values (23, 50000, NOW())"); $dbh->commit();} catch (Exception $e) { $dbh->rollBack(); echo "Failed: " . $e->getMessage();}
PDO 类的常用方法:
方法名 | 描述 |
---|---|
commit() | 提交一个事务。 |
__construct() | 创建一个表示数据库连接的 PDO 实例。 |
errorInfo() | 返回最后一次操作数据库的错误信息。 |
exec() | 执行一条 SQL 语句,并返回受影响的行数。 |
getAttribute() | 取回一个数据库连接的属性。 |
lastInsertId() | 返回最后插入行的ID或序列值。 |
prepare() | 备要执行的SQL语句并返回一个 PDOStatement 对象。 |
query() | 执行 SQL 语句,返回PDOStatement对象,可以理解为结果集。 |
quote() | 为SQL语句中的字符串添加引号。 |
setAttribute() | 设置属性。 |
PDOStatement的常用方法:
方法名 | 描述 |
---|---|
bindColumn() | 绑定一列到一个 PHP 变量。 |
bindParam() | 绑定一个参数到指定的变量名。 |
bindValue() | 把一个值绑定到一个参数。 |
closeCursor() | 关闭游标,使语句能再次被执行。 |
columnCount() | 返回结果集中的列数。 |
debugDumpParams() | 打印一条 SQL 预处理命令。 |
errorCode() | 获取跟上一次语句句柄操作相关的 SQLSTATE。 |
errorInfo() | 获取跟上一次语句句柄操作相关的扩展错误信息。 |
execute() | 执行一条预处理语句。 |
fetch() | 从结果集中获取下一行。 |
fetchAll() | 返回一个包含结果集中所有行的数组。 |
fetchColumn() | 从结果集中的下一行返回单独的一列。 |
fetchObject() | 获取下一行并作为一个对象返回。 |
getAttribute() | 检索一个语句属性。 |
getColumnMeta() | 返回结果集中一列的元数据。 |
nextRowset() | 在一个多行集语句句柄中推进到下一个行集。 |
rowCount() | 返回受上一个 SQL 语句影响的行数。 |
setAttribute() | 设置一个语句属性。 |
setFetchMode() | 为语句设置默认的获取模式。 |
记录:踩过的一些坑
(1)问题:数据为中文时,在数据库中可以正常显示,但是一在前台调用就出现乱码。
解决:
1)首先检查php文件是否有编码格式声明头文件,如
header('COntent-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8');;如果是html文件则要检查是否有meta声明,如;
2)如果php文件的编码格式没问题,那问题可能出现在抓取数据过程中,数据的编码格式有误而导致乱码。可以尝试在数据库查询前插入编码格式的显式定义:$db->query("SET NAMES 'UTF8'");。
原文 http://www.dengzhr.com/others/backend/750
Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.
