PHP基础语法
前言
PHP脚本可放置于文档中的任何位置。本篇文章主要包括以下内容:
- PHP标记
- 从HTML中分离
- 指令分隔符
- 注释
PHP标记
PHP脚本以 结尾:
<?php echo "Hello world!";?>
当解析一个文件时,PHP会寻找起始和结束标记,也就是 ,这告诉PHP开始和停止解析二者之间的代码。此种解析方式使得PHP可以被嵌入到各种不同的文档中去,而任何起始和结束标记之外的部分都会被PHP解析器忽略。
PHP也允许使用短标记 和 ?>, 但不鼓励使用。只有通过激活php.ini中的 short opentag配置指令或者在编译PHP时使用了配置选项 –enable-short-tags 时才能使用短标记。
如果文件内容是 纯PHP代码,最好在 文件末尾删除PHP结束标记。这可以避免在 PHP结束标记之后万一意外加入了空格或者换行符,会导致PHP开始输出这些空白,而脚本中此时并无输出的意图。
例如,下面的是在一个文件中的,这个文件只有PHP代码,此时建义不要加上?>结束标识:
<?php // Html safe containers echo "Hello world<br>";echo "test<br>";echo "www.henishuo.com";
从HTML中分离
凡是在一对开始和结束标记之外的内容都会被PHP解析器忽略,这使得PHP文件可以具备混合内容。可以使PHP嵌入到HTML文档中去,如下例所示:
<p>This isgoingtobeignoredbyPHP anddisplayedbythebrowser.</p> <?php echo 'While this is going to be parsed.'; ?> <p>This willalsobeignoredbyPHP anddisplayedbythebrowser.</p>
条件分离:
<?php $expression = true ?> <?php if ($expression == true) { echo "expression is true";} ?> <?php if ($expression == true): ?> This willshowif theexpressionistrue.<?php else: ?> Otherwise thiswillshow.<?php endif; ?>
指令分隔符
同C语言一样,PHP需要在每个语句后用分号结束指令。一段PHP代码中的结束标记隐含表示了一个分号;在一个PHP代码段中的最后一行可以不用分号结束。如果后面还有新行,则代码段的结束标记包含了行结束。
<?php echo "This is a test";?> <?php echo "This is a test" ?> <?php echo 'We omitted the last closing tag';?>
注释
PHP支持C、C++、Unix Shell风格(Perl 风格)的注释。例如:
<?php echo "This is a test"; // This is a one-line c++ style comment /* This is a multi line comment yet another line of comment */ echo "This is yet another test"; echo 'One Final Test'; # This is a one-line shell-style comment?>
可以使用 //或者 #注释单行,可以使用 /**/注释段。
写在最后
本文只是笔者学习PHP的笔记!当然也欢迎高手留言,求指导速成方法。倘若大家觉得对自己也有用,欢迎大家一起来学习PHP,一起讨论PHP语法知识,一起练习PHP。
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