PHP学习小结2
34。数组
(1)$arr = array();表示创建一个空数组,并把创建的空数组赋值给变量$arr。
(2)索引数组:索引数组是指数组的键是整数的数组,并且键的整数顺序是从0开始,
初始化:$friut=array("苹果","香蕉","菠萝");
(3)索引数组赋值
索引数组赋值有三种方式:
第一种:用数组变量的名字后面跟一个中括号的方式赋值,当然,索引数组中,中括号内的键一定是整数。比如,$arr[0]='苹果';
第二种:用array()创建一个空数组,使用=>符号来分隔键和值,左侧表示键,右侧表示值。当然,索引数组中,键一定是整数。比如,array('0'=>'苹果');
第三种:用array()创建一个空数组,直接在数组里用英文的单引号'或者英文的双引号"赋值,数组会默认建立从0开始的整数的键。比如array('苹果');这个数组相当于array('0'=>'苹果');
(4)访问数组内容
$fruit0 = $fruit['0'];
如果是变量又不需要加引号。。
eg.$fruit[$index]
35.
foreach循环访问索引数组里的值
$fruit=array('苹果','香蕉','菠萝');
foreach($fruit as $k=>$v){
echo '
第'.$k.'值是:'.$v;
}
36.
关联数组初始化
第一种:$arr=array("orange"=>"橘子",
"orange"=>"橘子"
);
第二种:用数组变量的名字后面跟一个中括号的方式赋值,当然,关联数组中,中括号内的键一定是字符串。比如,$arr['apple']='苹果';
复制过程中用""或者''都可以
访问关联数组内容
$fruit0 = $fruit['banana'];
37.数组和变量的输出
print_r($arr0)
38.
自定义函数
function name() {
echo 'Eric';
}
调用方法:
name()
返回值
可以返回一个数组
function numbers()
{
return array(1,2,3);
}
$arr=numbers(1,2,3);
39.
可变函数
即通过变量的值来调用函数,因为变量的值是可变的,所以可以通过改变一个变量的值来实现调用不同的函数。
function name() {
echo 'jobs';
}
$func = 'name';
$func(); //调用可变函数
用$func来通过函数名字绑定一个函数,函数名字可以改变,所以相应的调用
$func()也可以执行不同的函数。
40.
判断函数是否存在
function func() {
}
if (function_exists('func')){
echo 'exists';
}
类是否定义可以使用class_exists。
class MyClass{
}
// 使用前检查类是否存在
if (class_exists('MyClass')) {
$myclass = new MyClass();
}
文件是否存在file_exists等。
$filename = 'test.txt';
if (!file_exists($filename)) {
echo $filename . ' not exists.';
}
41。类和对象
class Car {
$name = '汽车';
function getName() {
return $this->name;
} }
var 关键字如果没有加上protected或者private,默认等于public
//实例化一个car对象
$car = new Car();
$car->name = '奥迪A6'; //设置对象的属性值
echo $car->getName(); //调用对象的方法 输出对象的名字

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