PHP代码调试和测试
>php没有多线程、同步等复杂的概念,大多由函数和类组成,数据类型和语法比较简单,利用其丰富的内置函数即可实现大部分功能测试,但是,有时也需要比较比较专业的调试方法及工具迅速捕捉到异常。(1)debug函数在实际应用中,除了应用echo、die、var_dump输出当前变量值外,还需要输出一些额外的信息,如当前代码所在的函数名称。先来看三个有关调试的函数:**func_num_args()** 这个函数返回的是当前函数的参数数量 返回的是数字**func_get_arg()**函数返回的是指定位置的参数的值**func_get_args()**这个函数返回的是包含当前函数所有参数的一个数组**PHP_EOL PHP中可以用PHP_EOL来替代换行,以提高代码的源代码级可移植性类似常用的还有DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR可以用函数get_defined_constants()来获取所有PHP常量```<?php echo PHP_EOL; //windows平台相当于 echo "\r\n"; //unix\linux平台相当于 echo "\n"; //mac平台相当于 echo "\r";``````<?php //get_defined_constants()返回所有常量数组 print_r(get_defined_constants());```###debug函数``` public function debug(){ $numargs = func_num_args(); // 参数个数 $arg_list = func_get_arg(); // 获取参数 for($i = 0; $i < $numargs; $i ++) { echo "第${$i}个变量的值为:",$arg_list[$i],PHP_EOL; } echo '当前所处的文件名为:'.__FILE__,PHP_EOL; }```###引用上边的调试函数```function mytest($a, $b){ $sum = $a + $b; debug($a, $b); return $sum;}$ret = mytest(10,5);echo $ret;```##断点调试与变量跟踪工具XdebugwebGrind facebook开源的XHProf性能分析

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There are four main error types in PHP: 1.Notice: the slightest, will not interrupt the program, such as accessing undefined variables; 2. Warning: serious than Notice, will not terminate the program, such as containing no files; 3. FatalError: the most serious, will terminate the program, such as calling no function; 4. ParseError: syntax error, will prevent the program from being executed, such as forgetting to add the end tag.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

HTTP request methods include GET, POST, PUT and DELETE, which are used to obtain, submit, update and delete resources respectively. 1. The GET method is used to obtain resources and is suitable for read operations. 2. The POST method is used to submit data and is often used to create new resources. 3. The PUT method is used to update resources and is suitable for complete updates. 4. The DELETE method is used to delete resources and is suitable for deletion operations.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

In PHPOOP, self:: refers to the current class, parent:: refers to the parent class, static:: is used for late static binding. 1.self:: is used for static method and constant calls, but does not support late static binding. 2.parent:: is used for subclasses to call parent class methods, and private methods cannot be accessed. 3.static:: supports late static binding, suitable for inheritance and polymorphism, but may affect the readability of the code.

PHP handles file uploads through the $\_FILES variable. The methods to ensure security include: 1. Check upload errors, 2. Verify file type and size, 3. Prevent file overwriting, 4. Move files to a permanent storage location.
