Home php教程 php手册 详细介绍动态网页PHP预定义变量之服务器变量

详细介绍动态网页PHP预定义变量之服务器变量

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:57 AM
apache http php server

$_SERVER 预定义变量

服务器变量:$_SERVER

注: 在 PHP 4.1.0 及以后版本使用。之前的版本,使用 $HTTP_SERVER_VARS。

$_SERVER 是一个包含诸如头部(headers)、路径(paths)和脚本位置(script locations)的数组。数组的实体由 web 服务器创建。不能保证所有的服务器都能产生所有的信息;服务器可能忽略了一些信息,或者产生了一些未在下面列出的新的信息。这意味着,大量的这些变量在 CGI 1.1 specification 中说明,所以您应该仔细研究它。

这是一个“superglobal”,或者可以描述为自动全局变量。这只不过意味这它在所有的脚本中都有效。在函数或方法中您不需要使用 global $_SERVER; 访问它,就如同使用 $HTTP_SERVER_VARS 一样。

$HTTP_SERVER_VARS 包含着同样的信息,但是不是一个自动全局变量。(注意: $HTTP_SERVER_VARS 和 $_SERVER 是不同的变量,PHP 处理它们的方式不同。)

如果设置了 register_globals 指令,这些变量也在所有脚本中可用;也就是,分离了 $_SERVER 和 $HTTP_SERVER_VARS 数组。相关信息,请参阅安全的相关章节 使用 Register Globals。这些单独的全局变量不是自动全局变量。

您或许会发现下面列出的某些 $_SERVER 元素并不可用。注意,如果以命令行方式运行 PHP,下面列出的元素几乎没有有效的(或是没有任何实际意义的)。

“PHP_SELF”
当前正在执行脚本的文件名,与 document root相关。举例来说,在URL地址为 http://example.com/test.php/foo.bar 的脚本中使用 $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] 将会得到 /test.php/foo.bar 这个结果。

如果 PHP 以命令行方式运行,该变量无效。

“argv”
传递给该脚本的参数。当脚本运行在命令行方式时,argv 变量传递给程序 C 语言样式的命令行参数。当调用 GET 方法时,该变量包含请求的数据。

“argc”
包含传递给程序的命令行参数的个数(如果运行在命令行模式)。

“GATEWAY_INTERFACE”
服务器使用的 CGI 规范的版本。例如,“CGI/1.1”。

'SERVER_NAME'
当前运行脚本所在服务器主机的名称。如果该脚本运行在一个虚 拟 主 机上,该名称是由那个虚 拟 主 机所设置的值决定。

'SERVER_SOFTWARE'
服务器标识的字串,在响应请求时的头部中给出。

“SERVER_PROTOCOL”
请求页面时通信协议的名称和版本。例如,“HTTP/1.0”。

“REQUEST_METHOD”
访问页面时的请求方法。例如:“GET”、“HEAD”,“POST”,“PUT”。

“QUERY_STRING”
查询(query)的字符串。

“DOCUMENT_ROOT”
当前运行脚本所在的文档根目录。在服务器配置文件中定义。

“HTTP_ACCEPT”
当前请求的 Accept: 头部的内容。

“HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET”
当前请求的 Accept-Charset: 头部的内容。例如:“iso-8859-1,*,utf-8”。

“HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING”
当前请求的 Accept-Encoding: 头部的内容。例如:“gzip”。

“HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE”
当前请求的 Accept-Language: 头部的内容。例如:“en”。

“HTTP_CONNECTION”
当前请求的 Connection: 头部的内容。例如:“Keep-Alive”。

“HTTP_HOST”
当前请求的 Host: 头部的内容。

“HTTP_REFERER”
链接到当前页面的前一页面的 URL 地址。不是所有的用户代理(浏览器)都会设置这个变量,而且有的还可以手工修改 HTTP_REFERER。因此,这个变量不总是正确真实的。

“HTTP_USER_AGENT”
当前请求的 User_Agent: 头部的内容。该字符串表明了访问该页面的用户代理的信息。一个典型的例子是:Mozilla/4.5 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.9 i586)。您也可以使用 get_browser() 得到这个信息。

“REMOTE_ADDR”
正在浏览当前页面用户的 IP 地址。

“REMOTE_PORT”
用户连接到服务器时所使用的端口。

“SCRIPT_FILENAME”
当前执行脚本的绝对路径名。

“SERVER_ADMIN”
该值指明了 Apache 服务器配置文件中的 SERVER_ADMIN 参数。如果脚本运行在一个虚 拟 主 机上,则该值是那个虚 拟 主 机的值。

“SERVER_PORT”
服务器所使用的端口。默认为“80”。如果你使用 SSL 安全连接,则这个值为您所设置的 HTTP 端口。

“SERVER_SIGNATURE”
包含服务器版本和虚 拟 主 机名的字符串。

“PATH_TRANSLATED”
当前脚本所在文件系统(不是文档根目录)的基本路径。这是在服务器进行虚拟到真实路径的映像后的结果。

“SCRIPT_NAME”
包含当前脚本的路径。这在页面需要指向自己时非常有用。

“REQUEST_URI”
访问此页面所需的 URI。例如,“/index.html”。

“PHP_AUTH_USER”
当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的用户名。

“PHP_AUTH_PW”
当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的密码。

“PHP_AUTH_TYPE”
当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是认证的类型。



Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP's Purpose: Building Dynamic Websites PHP's Purpose: Building Dynamic Websites Apr 15, 2025 am 12:18 AM

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison Apr 15, 2025 am 12:07 AM

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP: Handling Databases and Server-Side Logic PHP: Handling Databases and Server-Side Logic Apr 15, 2025 am 12:15 AM

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Apr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

Why Use PHP? Advantages and Benefits Explained Why Use PHP? Advantages and Benefits Explained Apr 16, 2025 am 12:16 AM

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History Apr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

See all articles