linux下php实现C/C++扩展编程
某个功能被编译到so文件中,那么如何通过php来调用它?一个方法是写一个php模块(php extension),在php中调用该模块内的函数,再通过该模块来调用so中的函数。下面做一个简单的例子,使用的操作系统是Fedora Core 6。
首先做一个简单的so文件:
/**
* hello.c
* To compile, use following commands:
* gcc -O -c -fPIC -o hello.o hello.c
* gcc -shared -o libhello.so hello.o
*/
int hello_add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
然后将它编译成.so文件并放到系统中:
$ gcc -O -c -fPIC -o hello.o hello.c
$ gcc -shared -o libhello.so hello.o
$ su
# echo /usr/local/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
# cp libhello.so /usr/local/lib
# /sbin/ldconfig写段小程序来验证其正确性:
/**
* hellotest.c
* To compile, use following commands:
* gcc -o hellotest -lhello hellotest.c
*/
#include
int main()
{
int a = 3, b = 4;
printf("%d + %d = %d\n", a, b, hello_add(a,b));
return 0;
}
编译并执行:
$ gcc -o hellotest -lhello hellotest.c
$ ./hellotest
3 + 4 = 7OK,
下面我们来制作PHP模块。首先确保你安装了 php-devel 包,没有的话请自行从安装光盘上找。然后下载php源代码。我使用的是php-5.2.9.tar.gz,解压缩。
$ tar xzvf php-5.2.9.tar.gz
$ cd php-5.2.9/ext然后通过下面的命令建立一个名为 test 的模块。
$ ./ext_skel --extname=test执行该命令之后它会提示你应当用什么命令来编译模块,可惜那是将模块集成到php内部的编译方法。如果要编译成可动态加载的 php_test.so,方法要更为简单。
$ cd test首先编辑 config.m4 文件,去掉第16行和第18行的注释(注释符号为 dnl 。)
16: PHP_ARG_ENABLE(test, whether to enable test support,
17: dnl Make sure that the comment is aligned:
18: [ --enable-test Enable test support])然后执行 phpize ()程序,生成configure脚本:
$ phpize然后打开 php_test.h,在 PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_test_compiled); 之下加入函数声明:
PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_hello_compiled); /* For testing, remove later. */
PHP_FUNCTION(test_add);打开 hello.c,在 PHP_FE(confirm_test_compiled, NULL) 下方加入以下内容。
zend_function_entry test_functions[] = {
PHP_FE(confirm_test_compiled, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */
PHP_FE(test_add, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */
{NULL, NULL, NULL} /* Must be the last line in test_functions[] */
};
然后在 test.c 的最末尾书写test_add函数的内容:
PHP_FUNCTION(test_add)
{
long int a, b;
long int result;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "ll", &a, &b) == FAILURE) {
return;
}
result = test_add(a, b);
RETURN_LONG(result);
}
保存退出,编译并安装:
$ ./configure --enable-jinzhesheng_module --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config$ make
# cp modules/test.so /usr/lib/php/modules然后在 /www/web/ 下建立一个 test.php 文件,内容如下:
dl("test.so");
echo test_add(1, 2);
?>
然后在浏览器中打开test.php文件,如果显示3,则说明函数调用成功了。

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