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php利用func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args实现伪重载

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:46 AM
function php test

偶尔在网上看到关于php的伪重载的问题,有点兴趣便研究了一下。下面作者将说说php如何利用func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args实现函数的伪重载问题。

首先说说方法重载的好处:

实现方法重载可以不用为了对不同的参数类型或参数个数,而写多个函数。多个函数用同一个名字,但参数表,即参数的个数或(和)数据类型可以不同,调用的时候,虽然方法名字相同,但根据参数表可以自动调用对应的函数。如果我们使用reflector去查看微软写的.net的基类库的话,我们可以发现他使用很多的方法重载,这样我们在调用的时候,就不需要记那么多的方法名称,而是知道了方法的功能就可以直接的给他传递不同的参数,编译器会明确的知道我们调用了哪一个方法。

但是在PHP中没有函数重载这个概念,让很多时候我们无法进行一些处理,甚至有时候不得不在函数后面定义好N个参数来解决相关问题,而php提供了几个函数,比如:func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args 却可以直接解决相关问题。具体举个示例代码如下:

<?php
function  testOne($a) {
echo ('一个参数就这样 ');
}
function testTwo($a, $b) {
	echo ('两个参数的就这样 ');
}
function testThree($a, $b, $c) {
	echo ('呵呵,这是三个参数的 ');
}
function test() {
	$argNum = func_num_args();
	// 这一段其实可以用 $_arg = func_get_args() 来获得所有的参数,只是要用数组而已,不方便我下面的表达,呵呵
	for ($i = 0; $i < $argNum; $i++) {
		$_arg_{$i} = func_get_arg($i);
	}
	switch ($argNum) {
		case 1 :
			testOne($_arg_1);
		break ;
		case 2 :
			testTwo($_arg_1, $_arg_2);
		break ;
		case 3 :
			testThree($_arg_1, $_arg_2, $_arg_3);
		break ;
		default :
			echo (' 这是没有参数的情况 ');
		break ;
	}
}
/**
 * 例子的实现
 */
test();
echo ('<br>');
test(1);
echo ('<br>');
test(1, 2);
echo ('<br>');
test(1, 2, 3);
// 这些只是在函数中的运用,其实最主要的还是在类中的运用
// 如果这些用到类里面我就不需要担心构造函数是否有几个参数了,不是吗?
// 类里面的运用只举一个简单的例子
class test{
	var $a = 0;
	var $b = 0;
	function test() {
		$argNum = func_num_args();
		$_arg = func_get_args();
		switch ($argNum) {
			case 1 :
				$this->test1($_arg[0]);
			break ;
			case 2 :
				$this->test2($_arg[0], $_arg[1]);
			break;
			default :
				$this->a = 0;
				$this->b = 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	function test1($a) {
		$this->a = $a;
	}
	function test2($a, $b) {
		$this->a = $a;
		$this->b = $b ;
	}
}
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