php利用func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args实现伪重载
偶尔在网上看到关于php的伪重载的问题,有点兴趣便研究了一下。下面作者将说说php如何利用func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args实现函数的伪重载问题。
首先说说方法重载的好处:
实现方法重载可以不用为了对不同的参数类型或参数个数,而写多个函数。多个函数用同一个名字,但参数表,即参数的个数或(和)数据类型可以不同,调用的时候,虽然方法名字相同,但根据参数表可以自动调用对应的函数。如果我们使用reflector去查看微软写的.net的基类库的话,我们可以发现他使用很多的方法重载,这样我们在调用的时候,就不需要记那么多的方法名称,而是知道了方法的功能就可以直接的给他传递不同的参数,编译器会明确的知道我们调用了哪一个方法。
但是在PHP中没有函数重载这个概念,让很多时候我们无法进行一些处理,甚至有时候不得不在函数后面定义好N个参数来解决相关问题,而php提供了几个函数,比如:func_get_arg,func_get_args,func_num_args 却可以直接解决相关问题。具体举个示例代码如下:
<?php function testOne($a) { echo ('一个参数就这样 '); } function testTwo($a, $b) { echo ('两个参数的就这样 '); } function testThree($a, $b, $c) { echo ('呵呵,这是三个参数的 '); } function test() { $argNum = func_num_args(); // 这一段其实可以用 $_arg = func_get_args() 来获得所有的参数,只是要用数组而已,不方便我下面的表达,呵呵 for ($i = 0; $i < $argNum; $i++) { $_arg_{$i} = func_get_arg($i); } switch ($argNum) { case 1 : testOne($_arg_1); break ; case 2 : testTwo($_arg_1, $_arg_2); break ; case 3 : testThree($_arg_1, $_arg_2, $_arg_3); break ; default : echo (' 这是没有参数的情况 '); break ; } } /** * 例子的实现 */ test(); echo ('<br>'); test(1); echo ('<br>'); test(1, 2); echo ('<br>'); test(1, 2, 3); // 这些只是在函数中的运用,其实最主要的还是在类中的运用 // 如果这些用到类里面我就不需要担心构造函数是否有几个参数了,不是吗? // 类里面的运用只举一个简单的例子 class test{ var $a = 0; var $b = 0; function test() { $argNum = func_num_args(); $_arg = func_get_args(); switch ($argNum) { case 1 : $this->test1($_arg[0]); break ; case 2 : $this->test2($_arg[0], $_arg[1]); break; default : $this->a = 0; $this->b = 1; break; } } function test1($a) { $this->a = $a; } function test2($a, $b) { $this->a = $a; $this->b = $b ; } }
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