php中错误日志函数error_log用法详解
在php程序编写中,养成写入log文件的编程习惯,是一个很好的编程习惯,程序员都应该学会这种编程思想,不要太浮躁。前期编程的不严谨,往往会带来后期维护和调式的困难,付出的时间和精力将会更多。
error_log() 是发送错误信息到某个地方的一个函数,在程序编程中比较常见,尤其是在程序调试阶段。本文将用实例讲解一下error_log()这个函数的用法,以及一些需要注意的问题。
<p><?php</p>$str='这是条错误信息。';<br />error_log($str,3,'errors.log');<br /><p>?></p>
上述是最常用的error_log()例子,它的作用是把一条信息写入errors.log这个文件里,这个文件如果不存在则自动创建。在这个例子中,我们看到有一个参数“3”,注意这个数字“3”不能更改也不能去掉。下面列举一下使用error_log()这个函数的过程中可能出现的问题:
(1)程序报错提示:Warning: error_log() [function.error-log]: failed to open stream: Permission denied in ...on line ...上述错误的出现,是因为文件没有写权限,开启该目录的文件写权限即可。
(3)写入到log文件中的信息不能换行使用error_log()写入log文件,会发现文字是没有换行的,可以对以上代码做如下改进:
<p><?php</p>$str="这是条错误信息。\r\n";<br />error_log($str,3,'errors.log');<br /><p>?></p>
注意$str,用的是双引号(php单引号和双引号的区别),还在字符串结尾加上了\r\n。这跟第一个实例那个写法是不同的。
下面对error_log()函数做一些介绍格式
bool error_log ( string $message [, int $message_type=0 [, string $destination [, string $extra_headers ]]] )把错误信息发送到 web 服务器的错误日志,或者到一个文件里。
message应该被记录的错误信息。
message_type设置错误应该发送到何处。使用 操作系统的日志机制或者一个文件,取决于 error_log 指令设置了什么。可能的信息类型有以下几个:
0 message 发送到 PHP 的系统日志。 这是个默认的选项。iis服务器运行调试php程序错误信息生成log文件在哪里。1 message 发送到参数 destination 设置的邮件地址。 第四个参数 extra_headers 只有在这个类型里才会被用到。
2 不再是一个选项。
3 message 被发送到位置为 destination 的文件里。 字符 message 不会默认被当做新的一行,而是追加到行末。
4 message 直接发送到 SAPI 的日志处理程序中。destination 目标。它的含义描述于以上,由 message_type 参数所决定。extra_headers 额外的头。当 message_type 设置为 1 的时候使用。 该信息类型使用了 mail() 的同一个内置函数。返回值成功时返回 TRUE, 或者在失败时返回 FALSE。
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