编写不受魔术引号影响的php应用
阅读前提:你必须看过php手册上的"第IV部分安全"的"第10章魔术引号"。如果没看过,也没问题,现在马上花10分钟先看一下php手册上的这东西。
魔术引号(Magic Quote)是一个自动将进入 PHP 脚本的数据进行转义的过程
你可能想让你的程序兼容多个数据库,但你使用的不同的数据库可能使用不同的转义符,而我们的程序又有可能运行在不同的php.ini配置的主机上,关于magic_quotes的配置又可能不一样,所以编写不受魔术引号影响的php应用是高兼容性的php应用所必须的。
php.ini中有三个魔术引号配置选项:
魔术引号配置选项 | 描述 | 运行时改变 | 在 PHP中的默认值为 |
magic_quotes_gpc | 如果打开的话,影响到 HTTP 请求数据(GET,POST 和 COOKIE)。 | 不能 | On |
magic_quotes_runtime | 如果打开的话,大部份从外部来源取得数据并返回的函数,包括从数据库和文本文件,所返回的数据都会被反斜线转义。(前提是magic_quotes_gpc = On) | 能 | Off |
magic_quotes_sybase | 当关闭时,所有的 '(单引号),"(双引号),/(反斜线)和 NULL 字符都会被自动加上一个反斜线进行转义。这和 addslashes() 作用完全相同。 | 能 | Off |
但是要处理外部传来的全局变量就比较麻烦了。
要 处理外部超级变量,我们要看magic_quotes_gpc是否已经打开(如果magic_quotes_gpc没打开,而 magic_quotes_sybase打开,magic_quotes_sybase也不起作用),还要看magic_quotes_sybase是否 打开,再看我们的程序需要对外部变量用addslashes转义方式还是使用magic_quotes_sybase式的转义方式。下面的代码是一个具体 的实现。
有人可能说,当magic_quotes_gpc设成On,而magic_quotes_sybase设成Off,那么直接用 ini_set('magic_quotes_sybase', 1);就能让系统用'来对addslashes式的转义进行覆盖。这样是不行的。你用ini_get('magic_quotes_sybase')输出 看下配置,magic_quotes_sybase的确被改变了,但是你的代码就是不能用'转义符覆盖addslashes式的自动转义。这是因为系统获 取外部变量的时候,是在你的ini_set('magic_quotes_sybase', 1);之前完成的。
/**
* 解决不受magic_quotes影响的php应用
*
* 使用这个处理办法需要配置是否使用magic_quotes_sybase, 以适应不同的DBMS
*
* 设置方法:
* $useQuotesSybase[数据库名] = 1;
* 如:使用sqlite,则定义并初始化 $useQuotesSybase['sqlite'] = 1;
* 如果使用mysql,可以定义并初始化 $useQuotesSybase['sqlite'] = 0; 也可以不定义
*
* CONFIG_DB_DBMS 为所用的DBMS的常量, 在别处定义。比如 define('CONFIG_DB_DBMS', 'mysql');
*
* @author 流水孟春 cmpan(at)qq.com
* @link http://lib.cublog.cn
* $date 2007.11.18
*/
error_reporting(E_ALL);
set_magic_quotes_runtime(0);
define('CONFIG_DB_DBMS', 'sqlite'); // 测试用
// 使用 ' 做转义符的数据库
$useQuotesSybase = array();
$useQuotesSybase['sqlite'] = 1;
$useQuotesSybase['sybase'] = 1;
if(!empty($_POST)) $_POST = array_map('quotesOuterVars', $_POST);
if(!empty($_GET)) $_GET = array_map('quotesOuterVars', $_GET);
$_COOKIE = array_map('quotesOuterVars', $_COOKIE);
$_REQUEST = array_map('quotesOuterVars', $_REQUEST);
function quotesOuterVars($var) {
if (is_array($var)) {
return array_map('quotesOuterVars',$var);
} else {
if (get_magic_quotes_gpc()) {
if (isset($GLOBALS['useQuotesSybase'][CONFIG_DB_DBMS]) && $GLOBALS['useQuotesSybase'][CONFIG_DB_DBMS]) {
// 当前需要以 ' 为转义符
// 如果 magic_quotes_sybase = Off, 系统将把外部变量 addslashes, 我们得先 stripslashes
// 否则系统自动把 ' 换成 '',
if (!ini_get('magic_quotes_sybase')) {
$var = stripslashes($var);
$var = str_replace("'", "''", $var);
}
} else {
// 当前需要以 / 为转义符
// 如果 magic_quotes_sybase = On, 我们先把 '' 替换成 ', 然后在 addslashes
// 否则系统自动quotes
if (ini_get('magic_quotes_sybase')) {
$var = str_replace("'", "''", $var);
$var = addslashes($var);
}
}
} else{
if (isset($GLOBALS['useQuotesSybase'][CONFIG_DB_DBMS]) && $GLOBALS['useQuotesSybase'][CONFIG_DB_DBMS]) {
$var = str_replace("'", "''", $var);
} else {
$var = addslashes($var);
}
}
return trim($var);
}
}
从上面的表我们可以看出,对于magic_quotes_runtime,我在程序中用 ini_set('magic_quotes_runtime', 0);就可以把它关掉,然后可以用自己的方法来处理来自数据库或文件的数据。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











Session hijacking can be achieved through the following steps: 1. Obtain the session ID, 2. Use the session ID, 3. Keep the session active. The methods to prevent session hijacking in PHP include: 1. Use the session_regenerate_id() function to regenerate the session ID, 2. Store session data through the database, 3. Ensure that all session data is transmitted through HTTPS.

There are four main error types in PHP: 1.Notice: the slightest, will not interrupt the program, such as accessing undefined variables; 2. Warning: serious than Notice, will not terminate the program, such as containing no files; 3. FatalError: the most serious, will terminate the program, such as calling no function; 4. ParseError: syntax error, will prevent the program from being executed, such as forgetting to add the end tag.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

HTTP request methods include GET, POST, PUT and DELETE, which are used to obtain, submit, update and delete resources respectively. 1. The GET method is used to obtain resources and is suitable for read operations. 2. The POST method is used to submit data and is often used to create new resources. 3. The PUT method is used to update resources and is suitable for complete updates. 4. The DELETE method is used to delete resources and is suitable for deletion operations.

In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

The arrow function was introduced in PHP7.4 and is a simplified form of short closures. 1) They are defined using the => operator, omitting function and use keywords. 2) The arrow function automatically captures the current scope variable without the use keyword. 3) They are often used in callback functions and short calculations to improve code simplicity and readability.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.
