Laravel 5.2 新特性系列 -- 多用户认证功能实现详解
Laravel 5.2新增多用户认证支持,即同时允许不同数据表用户(如前台用户、后台用户)登录认证。下面我们就来简单介绍多用户登录及注册功能实现。
1、生成认证脚手架
首先我们使用Laravel 5.2提供的认证脚手架完成初始化工作:
php artisan make:auth
该Artisan命令会生成用户认证所需的路由、视图以及HomeController:
去查看路由文件routes.php,会发现该文件已经被更新:
Route::group(['middleware' => 'web'], function () { Route::auth(); Route::get('/home', 'HomeController@index');});
其中 Route::auth() 定义了注册登录路由, /home 为认证通过后跳转路由。
2、实现前台用户登录
接下来我们先实现前台用户登录,也就是Laravel自带的User用户登录。通过上面的脚手架,我们已经生成了认证所需的所有代码,剩下要做的就是使用迁移命令创建用户认证相关表:
php artisan migrate
该命令执行后生成 users 表和 password_resets 表,分别为用户主表和密码重置表。
然后我们就可以在浏览器中输入 http://laravel.app/register 来注册新用户:
我们创建一个用户名为 test 的用户,注册成功后,进入 http://laravel.app/home ,会发现已经登录:
3、编辑认证配置文件
要实现多用户认证,首先要配置认证配置文件 auth.php ,这里我们实现的功能是前后台用户登录,所以对应配置如下:
<?phpreturn [ 'defaults' => [ 'guard' => 'web', 'passwords' => 'users', ], 'guards' => [ 'web' => [ 'driver' => 'session', 'provider' => 'users', ], 'admin' => [ 'driver' => 'session', 'provider' => 'admins', ], 'api' => [ 'driver' => 'token', 'provider' => 'users', ], ], 'providers' => [ 'users' => [ 'driver' => 'eloquent', 'model' => App\User::class, ], 'admins' => [ 'driver' => 'eloquent', 'model' => App\Admin::class, ], ], 'passwords' => [ 'users' => [ 'provider' => 'users', 'email' => 'auth.emails.password', 'table' => 'password_resets', 'expire' => 60, ], ],];
认证是由 guard 和 provider 两部分构成的(参考用户认证文档),所以我们在这两个配置项中分别新增了 admin 和 admins 选项。
4、创建后台用户模型
接下来我们来实现后台用户登录,首先使用如下Artisan命令生成后台用户模型:
php artisan make:model Admin --migration
带上 --migration 选项会生成对应用户表 admins ,我们定义该数据表字段和 users 一样:
Schema::create('admins', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->increments('id'); $table->string('name'); $table->string('email')->unique(); $table->string('password', 60); $table->rememberToken(); $table->timestamps();});
然后通过运行迁移命令生成该表:
php artisan migrate
然后更新 Admin 模型类如下:
<?phpnamespace App;use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;class Admin extends Authenticatable{ /** * The attributes that are mass assignable. * * @var array */ protected $fillable = [ 'name', 'email', 'password', ]; /** * The attributes excluded from the model's JSON form. * * @var array */ protected $hidden = [ 'password', 'remember_token', ];}
5、定义后台用户认证路由及控制器
接下来我们来定义后台用户认证路由,修改 routes.php 代码如下:
Route::group(['middleware' => ['web']], function () { Route::auth(); Route::get('home', 'HomeController@index'); Route::get('admin/login', 'Admin\AuthController@getLogin'); Route::post('admin/login', 'Admin\AuthController@postLogin'); Route::get('admin/register', 'Admin\AuthController@getRegister'); Route::post('admin/register', 'Admin\AuthController@postRegister'); Route::get('admin', 'AdminController@index');});
然后使用Artisan命令创建对应控制器:
php artisan make:controller Admin/AuthControllerphp artisan make:controller AdminController
编辑 Admin/AuthController.php 代码如下:
<?phpnamespace App\Http\Controllers\Admin;use App\Admin;use Validator;use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\ThrottlesLogins;use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\AuthenticatesAndRegistersUsers;class AuthController extends Controller{ use AuthenticatesAndRegistersUsers, ThrottlesLogins; protected $redirectTo = '/admin'; protected $guard = 'admin'; protected $loginView = 'admin.login'; protected $registerView = 'admin.register'; public function __construct() { $this->middleware('guest:admin', ['except' => 'logout']); } protected function validator(array $data) { return Validator::make($data, [ 'name' => 'required|max:255', 'email' => 'required|email|max:255|unique:admins', 'password' => 'required|confirmed|min:6', ]); } protected function create(array $data) { return Admin::create([ 'name' => $data['name'], 'email' => $data['email'], 'password' => bcrypt($data['password']), ]); }}
编辑 AdminController.php 代码如下:
<?phpnamespace App\Http\Controllers;use Illuminate\Http\Request;use App\Http\Requests;use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;use Auth;class AdminController extends Controller{ public function __construct() { $this->middleware('auth:admin'); } public function index() { $admin = Auth::guard('admin')->user(); return $admin->name; }}
6、视图文件创建及修改
最后我们要创建后台用户认证对应视图文件,这里我们简单拷贝前台用户视图模板并稍作修改即可:
cp -r resources/views/auth resources/views/admin
修改 resources/views/admin 目录下登录及注册表单提交地址:
/login -> /admin/login/register -> /admin/register
7、实现后台用户认证
在浏览器中访问 http://laravel.app/admin/register ,同样显示注册页面:
注册一个用户名为 admin 的用户,注册成功后,页面跳转到 http://laravel.app/admin ,说明认证成功。
好了,至此我们已经完成前后台用户同时登录认证功能。

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