【算法】PHP实现经典算法(上)
前言
下面的是通过PHP实现经典算法,并计算了耗时,可以通过耗时对比这几种算法的复杂度。
CODE
$arr = [];for ($i = 0; $i < 5000; $i++) { $arr[] = rand(1, 10000);}//1 插入排序function insertionSort($arr){ for ($i = 1; $i < count($arr); $i++) { $tmp = $arr[$i]; //设置监视哨 $key = $i - 1; //设置开始查找的位置 while ($key >= 0 && $tmp < $arr[$key]) { // 监视哨的值比查找的值小 并且 没有到此次查询的第一个 $arr[$key + 1] = $arr[$key]; //数组的值进行后移 $key--; //要查找的位置后移 } if (($key + 1) != $i) //放置监视哨 $arr[$key + 1] = $tmp; } return $arr;}$insertion_start_time = microtime(true);$insertion_sort = insertionSort($arr);$insertion_end_time = microtime(true);$insertion_need_time = $insertion_end_time - $insertion_start_time;print_r("插入排序耗时:" . $insertion_need_time . "<br />");//2 冒泡排序function bubbleSort($arr){ for ($i = 0; $i < count($arr); $i++) { for ($j = 0; $j < $i + 1; $j++) { if ($arr[$j] < $arr[$j - 1]) { $temp = $arr[$j - 1]; $arr[$j - 1] = $arr[$j]; $arr[$j] = $temp; } } } return $arr;}$bubble_start_time = microtime(true);$bubble_sort = bubbleSort($arr);$bubble_end_time = microtime(true);$bubble_need_time = $bubble_end_time - $bubble_start_time;print_r("冒泡排序耗时:" . $bubble_need_time . "<br />");//3 选择排序function selectionSort($arr){ $count = count($arr); for ($i = 0; $i < $count - 1; $i++) { //找到最小的值 $min = $i; for ($j = $i + 1; $j < $count; $j++) { //由小到大排列 if ($arr[$min] > $arr[$j]) { //表明当前最小的还比当前的元素大 $min = $j; //赋值新的最小的 } } /*swap$array[$i]and$array[$min]即将当前内循环的最小元素放在$i位置上*/ if ($min != $i) { $temp = $arr[$min]; $arr[$min] = $arr[$i]; $arr[$i] = $temp; } } return $arr;}$selection_start_time = microtime(true);$selection_sort = selectionSort($arr);$selection_end_time = microtime(true);$selection_need_time = $selection_end_time - $selection_start_time;print_r("选择排序耗时:" . $selection_need_time . "<br />");//4 并归排序//merge函数将指定的两个有序数组(arr1arr2,)合并并且排序//我们可以找到第三个数组,然后依次从两个数组的开始取数据哪个数据小就先取哪个的,然后删除掉刚刚取过///的数据function al_merge($arrA, $arrB){ $arrC = array(); while (count($arrA) && count($arrB)) { //这里不断的判断哪个值小,就将小的值给到arrC,但是到最后肯定要剩下几个值, //不是剩下arrA里面的就是剩下arrB里面的而且这几个有序的值,肯定比arrC里面所有的值都大所以使用 $arrC[] = $arrA['0'] < $arrB['0'] ? array_shift($arrA) : array_shift($arrB); } return array_merge($arrC, $arrA, $arrB);}//归并排序主程序function al_merge_sort($arr){ $len = count($arr); if ($len <= 1) return $arr;//递归结束条件,到达这步的时候,数组就只剩下一个元素了,也就是分离了数组 $mid = intval($len / 2);//取数组中间 $left_arr = array_slice($arr, 0, $mid);//拆分数组0-mid这部分给左边left_arr $right_arr = array_slice($arr, $mid);//拆分数组mid-末尾这部分给右边right_arr $left_arr = al_merge_sort($left_arr);//左边拆分完后开始递归合并往上走 $right_arr = al_merge_sort($right_arr);//右边拆分完毕开始递归往上走 $arr = al_merge($left_arr, $right_arr);//合并两个数组,继续递归 return $arr;}$merge_start_time = microtime(true);$merge_sort = al_merge_sort($arr);$merge_end_time = microtime(true);$merge_need_time = $merge_end_time - $merge_start_time;print_r("并归排序耗时:" . $merge_need_time . "<br />");//5 快速排序function quickSort(&$arr){ if(count($arr)>1){ $k=$arr[0]; $x=array(); $y=array(); $_size=count($arr); for($i=1;$i<$_size;$i++){ if($arr[$i]<=$k){ $x[]=$arr[$i]; }elseif($arr[$i]>$k){ $y[]=$arr[$i]; } } $x=quickSort($x); $y=quickSort($y); return array_merge($x,array($k),$y); }else{ return$arr; }}$quick_start_time = microtime(true);$quick_sort = al_merge_sort($arr);$quick_end_time = microtime(true);$quick_need_time = $quick_end_time - $quick_start_time;print_r("快速排序耗时:" . $quick_need_time . "<br />");
耗时对比
插入排序耗时:1.2335460186005
冒泡排序耗时:2.6180219650269
选择排序耗时:1.4159741401672
并归排序耗时:0.17212891578674
快速排序耗时:0.16736888885498

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