PHP数组合并:[“+”运算符]、[array_merge]、[array_merge_recursive]区别
1、“+”运算符
规则:
当两个数组的键名是数字键名或者字符串键名
$c = $a + $b
在$a后追加($b在$a中不存在的键名)键名和值
注意:
1、不覆盖,只是追加不存在的键名和对应的值
2、键名不重新索引
3、无论是全部数字键名还是混合,都只是追加键名和值,如果键名相同则不进行追加,即把最先出现的值作为最终结果返回
例1:数字键名
$a = array( 'a', ); $b = array( 'u', ); $c = $a + $b; var_dump($c); output: array(1) { [0]=> string(1) "a" }
例2:数字键名
$a = array( 66=>'a', ); $b = array( 60=>'u', 66=>'c' ); $c = $a + $b; var_dump($c); output: array(2) { [66]=> string(1) "a" [60]=> string(1) "u" }
例3:字符键名
<?php $a = array( 1=>'a', 2=>'b', 'c'=>'c', 'd'=>'d', ); $b = array( 1=>'u', 3=>'v', 'c'=>'w', 'd'=>'x', 'y'=>'y', 60=>'z', ); $c = $a + $b; var_dump($c); ?> output: array(7) { [1]=> string(1) "a" [2]=> string(1) "b" ["c"]=> string(1) "c" ["d"]=> string(1) "d" [3]=> string(1) "v" ["y"]=> string(1) "y" [60]=> string(1) "z" }
2、array array_merge ( array array1 [, array array2 [, array ...]] )
规则:
array_merge() 将一个或多个数组的单元合并起来,一个数组中的值附加在前一个数组的后面。返回作为结果的数组。
如果输入的数组中有相同的字符串键名,则该键名后面的值将覆盖前一个值。
然而,如果数组包含数字键名,后面的值将不会覆盖原来的值,而是附加到后面。
如果只给了一个数组并且该数组是数字索引的,则键名会以连续方式重新索引。
注意:
1、数字索引,不会覆盖,值合并后,键名会连续方式重新索引
2、字符串键名,则该键名后面的值将覆盖前一个值
例1:数字键名
$a = array( 'a', ); $b = array( 'u', ); $c = array_merge($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(2) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "u" }
例2:数字键名
$a = array( 66=>'a', ); $b = array( 60=>'u', 66=>'c' ); $c = array_merge($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(3) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "u" [2]=> string(1) "c" }
例3:字符键名
$a = array( 1=>'a', 2=>'b', 'c'=>'c', 'd'=>'d', ); $b = array( 1=>'u', 3=>'v', 'c'=>'w', 'd'=>'x', 'y'=>'y', 60=>'z', ); $c = array_merge($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(8) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "b" ["c"]=> string(1) "w" ["d"]=> string(1) "x" [2]=> string(1) "u" [3]=> string(1) "v" ["y"]=> string(1) "y" [4]=> string(1) "z" }
3、array array_merge_recursive ( array array1 [, array ...] )
array_merge_recursive() 将一个或多个数组的单元合并起来,一个数组中的值附加在前一个数组的后面。返回作为结果的数组。
如果输入的数组中有相同的字符串键名,则这些值会被合并到一个数组中去,这将递归下去,因此如果一个值本身是一个数组,本函数将按照相应的条目把它合并为另一个数组。
然而,如果数组具有相同的数组键名,后一个值将不会覆盖原来的值,而是附加到后面。
注意:
1、规则跟array_merge基本相同,只是在处理相同字符键名的时候,采用递归追加
例1:数字键名
$a = array( 'a', ); $b = array( 'u', ); $c = array_merge_recursive($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(2) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "u" }
例2:数字键名
$a = array( 'a', ); $b = array( 'u', ); $c = array_merge_recursive($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(2) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "u" }
例3:字符键名
$a = array( 1=>'a', 2=>'b', 'c'=>'c', 'd'=>'d', ); $b = array( 1=>'u', 3=>'v', 'c'=>'w', 'd'=>'x', 'y'=>'y', 60=>'z', ); $c = array_merge_recursive($a, $b); var_dump($c); output: array(8) { [0]=> string(1) "a" [1]=> string(1) "b" ["c"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(1) "c" [1]=> string(1) "w" } ["d"]=> array(2) { [0]=> string(1) "d" [1]=> string(1) "x" } [2]=> string(1) "u" [3]=> string(1) "v" ["y"]=> string(1) "y" [4]=> string(1) "z" }

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