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PHP实现最简单爬虫原型

Jun 14, 2016 am 12:01 AM
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最简单的爬虫模型应该是这样的:给一个初始url,爬虫把内容扒下拉,找页面里的url,在以这些url为起点,开始爬。

下面是一个最简单的php实现的爬虫模型。

  1. /**
  2. * 爬虫程序 -- 原型
  3. *
  4. * BookMoth 2009-02-21
  5. */
  6. /**
  7. * 从给定的url获取html内容
  8. *
  9. * @param string $url
  10. * @return string
  11. */
  12. function _getUrlContent($url){
  13. $handle = fopen($url, "r");
  14. if($handle){
  15. $content = stream_get_contents($handle,1024*1024);
  16. return $content;
  17. }else{
  18. return false;
  19. }
  20. }
  21. /**
  22. * 从html内容中筛选链接
  23. *
  24. * @param string $web_content
  25. * @return array
  26. */
  27. function _filterUrl($web_content){
  28. $reg_tag_a = '/\'\"\ ]*).*?>/';
  29. $result = preg_match_all($reg_tag_a,$web_content,$match_result);
  30. if($result){
  31. return $match_result[1];
  32. }
  33. }
  34. /**
  35. * 修正相对路径
  36. *
  37. * @param string $base_url
  38. * @param array $url_list
  39. * @return array
  40. */
  41. function _reviseUrl($base_url,$url_list){
  42. $url_info = parse_url($base_url);
  43. $base_url = $url_info["scheme"].'://';
  44. if($url_info["user"]&&$url_info["pass"]){
  45. $base_url .= $url_info["user"].":".$url_info["pass"]."@";
  46. }
  47. $base_url .= $url_info["host"];
  48. if($url_info["port"]){
  49. $base_url .= ":".$url_info["port"];
  50. }
  51. $base_url .= $url_info["path"];
  52. print_r($base_url);
  53. if(is_array($url_list)){
  54. foreach ($url_list as $url_item) {
  55. if(preg_match('/^http/',$url_item)){
  56. //已经是完整的url
  57. $result[] = $url_item;
  58. }else {
  59. //不完整的url
  60. $real_url = $base_url.'/'.$url_item;
  61. $result[] = $real_url;
  62. }
  63. }
  64. return $result;
  65. }else {
  66. return;
  67. }
  68. }
  69. /**
  70. * 爬虫
  71. *
  72. * @param string $url
  73. * @return array
  74. */
  75. function crawler($url){
  76. $content = _getUrlContent($url);
  77. if($content){
  78. $url_list = _reviseUrl($url,_filterUrl($content));
  79. if($url_list){
  80. return $url_list;
  81. }else {
  82. return ;
  83. }
  84. }else{
  85. return ;
  86. }
  87. }
  88. /**
  89. * 测试用主程序
  90. *
  91. */
  92. function main(){
  93. $current_url = "http://hao123.com/";//初始url
  94. $fp_puts = fopen("url.txt","ab");//记录url列表
  95. $fp_gets = fopen("url.txt","r");//保存url列表
  96. do{
  97. $result_url_arr = crawler($current_url);
  98. if($result_url_arr){
  99. foreach ($result_url_arr as $url) {
  100. fputs($fp_puts,$url."\r\n");
  101. }
  102. }
  103. }while ($current_url = fgets($fp_gets,1024));//不断获得url
  104. }
  105. main();
  106. ?>

当然这只爬虫还需要进行下面的进化才可以:

1、拼接更准确的url链接。现在的链接有可能是格式错误的。

2、能够去掉重复的url链接。现在的爬虫会做非常多非常多的重复工作。

3、避免爬虫怕成环路,一个永远右转的车,只能是300内环,它只会跑在三环路上,去不了别的地方。

4、多线程或者多进程。因为php没有线程的概念,所以可能需要shell这样的东西来模拟了。

5、……略去2的N次方个汉字。

反正是意思一下就好了~

from http://blog.csdn.net/bookmoth/archive/2009/02/21/3916538.aspx

 

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