Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial mysql 20W数据 1G大小 用like奇慢,求解决方法

mysql 20W数据 1G大小 用like奇慢,求解决方法

Jun 13, 2016 pm 01:28 PM
innodb myisam mysql title

mysql 20W数据 1G大小 用like奇慢,求解决办法.(相关mysql视频教程推荐:《mysql教程》)

$sql=SELECT *` FROM `text` where `title`LIKE '%bbd%' limit 0,10    
$sql=mysql_query($sql);
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这样在1秒以内

但是想求like得到总数就非常慢了 10秒+。。。求个解决办法。。

$sqll=SELECT `id` FROM `title` where `title`LIKE '%bbd%'    
$sqll=mysql_query($sql);
$num = mysql_num_rows($sqll);
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这样在10+秒了

------解决方案--------------------

可以使用sphinx做检索

------解决方案--------------------

没办法。你这是扫描全表。无法走索引!

------解决方案--------------------

$sqll = SELECT count(*) FROM `title` where `title`LIKE '%bbd%'  
$sqll = mysql_query($sql);
list($num) = mysql_fetch_row($sqll);
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可能会快一点

------解决方案--------------------

很明显要用全文索引,简单点的直接FULLTEXT,复杂的用第三方存储引擎,比如sphinx,还有个x什么的,豆瓣在用。

------解决方案--------------------

select * from tableA from content like "xxx%"
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mysql 貌似只有这样一种like方式可以使用索引。即使全文索引了,也有好多限制,自己得根据自己数据库的实际情况多分析下

fulltext大概是这样工作的

1、FULLTEXT 索引仅可用于 MyISAM 表
2、利用MATCH (col1,col2,...) AGAINST ('被检索字符串')进行查询

eg;
1、给表增加一个全文索引列

ALTER TABLE `text` ADD FULLTEXT `fidx_title` (`title`)
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2、执行查询

SELECT * FROM `text`WHERE MATCH (title)AGAINST ('ddd')
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在难的我就不会了。。

------解决方案--------------------

只有fulltext查询了。mysql一到一定的大小,就奇慢无比。
Copy after login

------解决方案--------------------

复制粘帖一下,其实完全可以自行GG,主要是 事务你要不要...

innodb
InnoDB 给 MySQL 提供了具有事务(commit)、回滚(rollback)和崩溃修复能力(crash recovery capabilities)的事务安全(transaction-safe (ACID compliant))型表。InnoDB 提供了行锁(locking on row level),提供与 Oracle 类型一致的不加锁读取(non-locking read in SELECTs)。这些特性均提高了多用户并发操作的性能表现。

在InnoDB表中不需要扩大锁定(lock escalation),因为 InnoDB 的列锁定(row level locks)适宜非常小的空间。InnoDB 是 MySQL 上第一个提供外键约束(FOREIGN KEY constraints)的表引擎。

InnoDB 的设计目标是处理大容量数据库系统,它的 CPU 利用率是其它基于磁盘的关系数据库引擎所不能比的。在技术上,InnoDB 是一套放在 MySQL 后台的完整数据库系统,InnoDB 在主内存中建立其专用的缓冲池用于高速缓冲数据和索引。

InnoDB 把数据和索引存放在表空间里,可能包含多个文件,这与其它的不一样,举例来说,在 MyISAM 中,表被存放在单独的文件中。InnoDB 表的大小只受限于操作系统的文件大小,一般为 2 GB。

InnoDB所有的表都保存在同一个数据文件 ibdata1 中(也可能是多个文件,或者是独立的表空间文件),相对来说比较不好备份,免费的方案可以是拷贝数据文件、备份 binlog,或者用 mysqldump。

MyISAM

MyISAM 是MySQL缺省存贮引擎 .

每张MyISAM 表被存放在三个文件 。frm 文件存放表格定义。 数据文件是MYD (MYData) 。 索引文件是MYI (MYIndex) 引伸。

因为MyISAM相对简单所以在效率上要优于InnoDB..小型应用使用MyISAM是不错的选择.

MyISAM表是保存成文件的形式,在跨平台的数据转移中使用MyISAM存储会省去不少的麻烦

以下是一些细节和具体实现的差别:

1.InnoDB不支持FULLTEXT类型的索引。

2.InnoDB 中不保存表的具体行数,也就是说,执行select count(*) from table时,InnoDB要扫描一遍整个表来计算有多少行,但是MyISAM只要简单的读出保存好的行数即可。注意的是,当count(*)语句包含 where条件时,两种表的操作是一样的。

3.对于AUTO_INCREMENT类型的字段,InnoDB中必须包含只有该字段的索引,但是在MyISAM表中,可以和其他字段一起建立联合索引。

4.DELETE FROM table时,InnoDB不会重新建立表,而是一行一行的删除。

5.LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER操作对InnoDB是不起作用的,解决方法是首先把InnoDB表改成MyISAM表,导入数据后再改成InnoDB表,但是对于使用的额外的InnoDB特性(例如外键)的表不适用。
------解决方案--------------------
想innodb+全文索引,直接换sphinx,主从读写分离搞定                                            

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