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数据库的设计解决办法

Jun 13, 2016 pm 01:07 PM
linux memcache memcached nosql

数据库的设计
1.评论:如何保证用户购买过商品才可以评论,必须只能评论一次,1件商品评论一次,当再次购买的时候,可以继续评论一次,就如:淘宝网的评论系统,说说你的思路.

2.文章页浏览次数:浏览的次数是如何统计的,难道其它的网站也是用数据库做的吗?每次浏览+1,如果量大的话,是不是给数据库系统造成压力? 如果不是,那是用什么统计.



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2.日志文件追加写实现的,linux下专门开了一个服务,不停地追加,定时处理数据取的不同操作的访问量,最后生成excel通过自动邮件交给数据部门。这么一个流程。。。
1的话方法多了去了,不过效率、稳定什么的就不好说了,没试过。肯定是和数据库设计有关吧。
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我回答你第2个问题,如果瓶颈在数据库那么可以采取memcache中间缓存的方式来缓存.每一个小时或者半个小时统一更新一次数据库.
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1.评论:如何保证用户购买过商品才可以评论,必须只能评论一次,1件商品评论一次,当再次购买的时候,可以继续评论一次,就如:淘宝网的评论系统,说说你的思路.
这个问题比较简单,用户购买的时候是有订单的,评论之前查看一下这个用户是否在订单库里购买过该商品,如果有则查询一下购买数量,这样就可以限制评论次数了,评论完毕之后在订单库里做一个已经评论过的标记.

2.文章页浏览次数:浏览的次数是如何统计的,难道其它的网站也是用数据库做的吗?每次浏览+1,如果量大的话,是不是给数据库系统造成压力? 如果不是,那是用什么统计.
这个问题,我的做法是:采用缓存的方式,最常见的缓存方法是memcache和文件缓存,memcache好一点,文件缓存会给服务器造成IO的压力,推荐使用memcahce,当用户浏览的时候先读取缓存中是否有该文章的浏览次数记录,如果没有找到记录则建立针对该文章的一条记录,同时计数为1,下一次有人访问的时候再次读取缓存,让计数加1,当该文章的计数达到10次(次数你可以自定义)的时候就清理掉缓冲中该文章的浏览计数,同时把次数写入数据库.
基本原理就是:不到10次就存入缓存,到了10次清理缓存并更新数据库中的浏览次数.这样就是浏览数达到10次再重新操作一次数据库,有效的降低了数据库的压力.
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首先想说的是数据库比你想象的要强大得多. 


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1.评论:如何保证用户购买过商品才可以评论,必须只能评论一次,1件商品评论一次,当再次购买的时候,可以继续评论一次,就如:淘宝网的评论系统,说说你的思路.

购买的时候会生成一个订单id对吧?把评论表和这个订单id对应上,每个id只能在评论表内评论一次

2.文章页浏览次数:浏览的次数是如何统计的,难道其它的网站也是用数据库做的吗?每次浏览+1,如果量大的话,是不是给数据库系统造成压力? 如果不是,那是用什么统计.

小应用可以直接数据库,大的话可以memcached,有个自增的接口,然后定时dump数据到sql即可

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为什么总是想象数据库是不堪一击的呢?
如果用文件做载体,那么关系型数据库也是用文件存储数据的
如果用 memcached 作载体,那么 nosql 也是基于内存的

简单的操作文件或内存,貌似速度要快些。但你还需要用大量的代码来管理和解决冲突
综合效率就不如直接数据库了

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探讨

首先想说的是数据库比你想象的要强大得多.
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