转：PHP高级工程师面临的成长瓶颈
转：PHP工程师面临的成长瓶颈
作为开发中应用最广泛的语言之一，PHP有着大量的粉丝，那么你是一名优秀的程序员吗?在进行自我修炼的同时，你是否想过面对各种各样的问题，我该如何突破自身的瓶颈，以便更好的发展呢?
PHP工程师面临成长瓶颈
先明确这里所指的PHP工程师，是指主要以PHP进行Web系统的开发，没有使用其的语言工作过。工作经验大概在3~4年，普通的Web系统(百万级访问，千成级数据以内或业务逻辑不是特别复杂)开发起基本得心应手，没有什么问题。但他们会这样的物点：
◆除了PHP不使用其它的语言,可能会点shell 脚本。
◆对PHP的掌握不精(很多PHP手册都没有看完,库除外)。
◆知识面比较窄(面对需求，除开使用PHP和mysql ，不知道其它的解决办法)。
◆PHP代码以过程为主，认为面向对象的实现太绕，看不懂。
这些PHPer在遇到需要高性能，处理高并发，大量数据的项目或业务逻辑比较复杂(系统需要解决多领域业务的问题)时，缺少思路。不能分析问题的本质，技术判断力比较差，对于问题较快能找出临时的解决办法，但常常在不断临时性的解决办法中，系统和自己一步步走向崩溃。那怎么提高自己呢?怎么可以挑战难度更高的系统?
更高的挑战在那里?
结合我自己的经验，我列出一些具体挑战，让大家先有个感性的认识。
高性能系统的挑战在那里?
◆如何选择Web服务器?要不要使用fast-cgi 模式;
◆要不要使用反向代理服务?选择全内存缓存还是硬盘缓存?
◆是否需要负载均衡?是基于应用层，还是网络层? 如何保证高可靠性?
◆你的PHP代码性能如何，使用优化工具后怎么样? 性能瓶颈在那里? 是否需要写成C的扩展?
◆用户访问有什么特点,是读多还是写多?是否需要读写分离?
◆数据如何存储?写入速度和读出速度如何? 数据增涨访问速读如何变化?
◆如何使用缓存? 怎么样考虑失效?数据的一致性怎么保证?
高复杂性系统的挑战在那里?
◆能否识别业务所对应的领域?是一个还是多个?
◆能否合理对业务进行抽象，在业务规则变化能以很小的代价实现?
◆数据的一致性、安全性可否保证?
◆是否撑握了面向对象的分析和设计的方法
这里所列出的问题，你都能肯定的回答，说明在技术上你基本已经可能成为架构师了。如何你还不能回答，你需要在以下几个方向加强。
怎么样提高，突破瓶颈
如何你还不能回答，你需要在以下几个方向加强：
◆分析你所使用的技术其原理和背后运行的机制，这样可以提高你的技术判断力，提高你技术方案选择的正确性;
◆学习大学期间重要的知识, 操作系统原理，数据结构和算法。知道你以前学习都是为了考试，但现在你需要为自己学习，让自己知其所以然;
◆重新开始学习C语言，虽然你在大学已经学过。这不仅是因为你可能需要写PHP扩展，而且还因为，在做C的应用中，有一个时刻关心性能、内存控制、变量生命周期、数据结构和算法的环境;
◆学习面向对象的分析与设计，它是解决复杂问题的有效的方法。学习抽象，它是解决复杂问题的唯一之道。
http://www.jianglb.com/2010/11/22/php-dev.html
Hot AI Tools
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!
Hot Article
Hot Tools
Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor
SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use
Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools
SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
Hot Topics
1666
14
1425
52
1327
25
1273
29
1253
24
Explain the purpose of foreign keys in MySQL.
Apr 25, 2025 am 12:17 AM
In MySQL, the function of foreign keys is to establish the relationship between tables and ensure the consistency and integrity of the data. Foreign keys maintain the effectiveness of data through reference integrity checks and cascading operations. Pay attention to performance optimization and avoid common errors when using them.
Compare and contrast MySQL and MariaDB.
Apr 26, 2025 am 12:08 AM
The main difference between MySQL and MariaDB is performance, functionality and license: 1. MySQL is developed by Oracle, and MariaDB is its fork. 2. MariaDB may perform better in high load environments. 3.MariaDB provides more storage engines and functions. 4.MySQL adopts a dual license, and MariaDB is completely open source. The existing infrastructure, performance requirements, functional requirements and license costs should be taken into account when choosing.
What happens if session_start() is called multiple times?
Apr 25, 2025 am 12:06 AM
Multiple calls to session_start() will result in warning messages and possible data overwrites. 1) PHP will issue a warning, prompting that the session has been started. 2) It may cause unexpected overwriting of session data. 3) Use session_status() to check the session status to avoid repeated calls.
MySQL: The Database, phpMyAdmin: The Management Interface
Apr 29, 2025 am 12:44 AM
MySQL and phpMyAdmin can be effectively managed through the following steps: 1. Create and delete database: Just click in phpMyAdmin to complete. 2. Manage tables: You can create tables, modify structures, and add indexes. 3. Data operation: Supports inserting, updating, deleting data and executing SQL queries. 4. Import and export data: Supports SQL, CSV, XML and other formats. 5. Optimization and monitoring: Use the OPTIMIZETABLE command to optimize tables and use query analyzers and monitoring tools to solve performance problems.
Composer: Aiding PHP Development Through AI
Apr 29, 2025 am 12:27 AM
AI can help optimize the use of Composer. Specific methods include: 1. Dependency management optimization: AI analyzes dependencies, recommends the best version combination, and reduces conflicts. 2. Automated code generation: AI generates composer.json files that conform to best practices. 3. Improve code quality: AI detects potential problems, provides optimization suggestions, and improves code quality. These methods are implemented through machine learning and natural language processing technologies to help developers improve efficiency and code quality.
Steps to add and delete fields to MySQL tables
Apr 29, 2025 pm 04:15 PM
In MySQL, add fields using ALTERTABLEtable_nameADDCOLUMNnew_columnVARCHAR(255)AFTERexisting_column, delete fields using ALTERTABLEtable_nameDROPCOLUMNcolumn_to_drop. When adding fields, you need to specify a location to optimize query performance and data structure; before deleting fields, you need to confirm that the operation is irreversible; modifying table structure using online DDL, backup data, test environment, and low-load time periods is performance optimization and best practice.
What is the significance of the session_start() function?
May 03, 2025 am 12:18 AM
session_start()iscrucialinPHPformanagingusersessions.1)Itinitiatesanewsessionifnoneexists,2)resumesanexistingsession,and3)setsasessioncookieforcontinuityacrossrequests,enablingapplicationslikeuserauthenticationandpersonalizedcontent.
How to uninstall MySQL and clean residual files
Apr 29, 2025 pm 04:03 PM
To safely and thoroughly uninstall MySQL and clean all residual files, follow the following steps: 1. Stop MySQL service; 2. Uninstall MySQL packages; 3. Clean configuration files and data directories; 4. Verify that the uninstallation is thorough.
