PHP脚本的10个技巧(3)
包含文件
如果你目前着手的Web站点开发项目规模较大,那你对代码重用必定深有体会,比方说,不管是HTML还是PHP代码块,只要项目足够大,比如有1000个Web页,你即便是一年只修改一次包含版权信息的页脚也会让你痛不欲生。
而PHP可以通过一些函数帮助你重用代码,你要具体用到的函数依赖于你打算重用的内容。
主要的函数是:
* include() 和 include_once()
* require() 和require_once()
include()函数包含给定的文件,比如:
include('/home/me/myfile');
包含文件中的任何代码都将在include() 所在的代码页的变量范围之内执行。你可以包含服务器上的静态文件或者包含在其他服务器上的目标文件,方法是组合使用include()和fopen()。
include_once()函数和include()函数功能类似,只是该函数会检查被包含文件内的代码是否已经被目前的脚本所包含过。如果代码已经被脚本所包含,该函数就不再包含相应的文件了。
require()函数用给定文件的内容取代自身。这一替换过程发生在PHP引擎编译你的代码而不是执行代码阶段,这可和include()不一样,后者首先被计算再加到文挡中。require()函数多用于静态元素,而include()函数则主要用于动态元素。和include_once()类似,require_once()函数会检查给定代码是否早已经插入到了文挡内,如果这样,给定代码就不会被再次插入文档。
我建议你最好对诸如版权、静态文本和其他不含变量的元素这类信息采用require函数,那些依赖其他脚本来实现自己内容的元素也最好采用require函数,例如:
[a lot of content]
// insert copyright
require('/home/me/mycopyright');
?>
另一方面,我经常用include()函数把函数库或类似的内容放到脚本之外:
// get my function library
include('/home/me/myfunctions');
// do PHP things with my functions ?>
[a lot of content]
你肯定会问:“那么,被included或者被required的文件都来自哪里呢?”答案很简单:“你的系统。”不过,有时,有些代码会包含了诸如带有用户名和密码的数据库连接函数之类的安全信息,在这样的情况下,显而易见,你肯定不希望这些东西也成为文档的一部分弄得全世界都知道。
你可以把包含文件(included或者required)放在系统的任何地方,只要用户所能用到的PHP可以访问这些文件即可。你还可以给这些文件以任何你希望给出的文件扩展名,或者不设扩展名。
使用include()和require()函数可以让Web站点上普遍存在或者经常变动的元素变得更加容易处理。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.
