关于PHP中Session文件过多的有关问题
关于PHP中Session文件过多的问题
PHP的默认机制：每一次php请求，会有1/100的概率（默认值）触发“session回收”。如果“session回收”发生，那就会检查/tmp/sess_*的文件，如果最后的修改时间到现在超过了1440秒（gc_maxlifetime的值），就将其删除，意味着这些session过期失效
一、session文件是什么
文件一般为 /tmp/sessions/sess_4b1e384ad74619bd212e236e52a5a174If
username|s:9:"test";admin|s:1:"0";
二、session回收何时发生
默认情况下，每一次php请求，就会有1/100的概率发生回收，所以可能简单的理解为“每100次php请求就有一次回收发生”。这个概率是通过以下参数控制的
#概率是gc_probability/gc_divisorsession.gc_probability = 1session.gc_divisor = 100
假设这种情况gc_maxlifetime=120，如果某个session文件最后修改时间是120秒之前，那么在下一次回收（1/100的概率）发生前，这个session仍然是有效的。
如果你的session使用session.save_path中使用别的地方保存session，session回收机制有可能不会自动处理过期session文件。这时需要定时手动（或者crontab）的删除过期的session
三、设置session存储目录
使用php5-fpm的话, 修改/etc/php5/fpm/php.ini, 修改或添加下面一行:
session.save_path = 3;600:/tmp/sessions
四、session清除脚本
#!/bin/shfind /tmp/php-session -cmin +24 -name "sess_*" -and -size 0 -delete > /dev/null 2>&1find /tmp/php-session -cmin +1440 -name "sess_*" -delete > /dev/null 2>&1
这里的时间我们可以通过 session.gc_maxlifetime 来获取，放到定时任务里面即可(crontab)
其他方式
使用memcache 等 ，(session.save_handler = memcache)
使用cookie，但是cookie得加密
五、使用tmfs存储session
1、将/tmp挂载为 tmpfs文件系统
修改/etc/fstab，在最后一行添加如下内容：/tmp/sessions tmpfs defaults,size=5120m 0 0
mount -a
2、创建session存储文件夹
php并不会自动去创建这些文件夹，不过在源文件中提供了一些创建文件夹的脚本。下面这个脚本也好用，脚本内容如下
#!/bin/shdir="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f"for levela in $dir;do for levelb in $dir; do for levelc in $dir; do mkdir -p /tmp/sessions/$levela/$levelb/$levelc; done done;donechown -R root:webgrp /tmp/sessions && chmod -R 1777 /tmp/sessions
因为/tmp/sessions是用的内存，服务器重启后，里面的所有文件都会丢失，所以，需要把上面的脚本加入到 /etc/rc.local中，并且要放在启动php之前
3、将session存储到不同的目录中
php本身支持session的多级散列，在php.ini中，将 ;session.save_path = /tmp 改为
session.save_path = "3;/tmp/sessions
4、session的回收
使用上面的脚本即可
Hot AI Tools
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!
Hot Article
Hot Tools
Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor
SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use
Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools
SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
Hot Topics
1669
14
1428
52
1329
25
1273
29
1256
24
PHP: A Key Language for Web Development
Apr 13, 2025 am 12:08 AM
PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7
PHP vs. Python: Understanding the Differences
Apr 11, 2025 am 12:15 AM
PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and the choice should be based on project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, with simple syntax and high execution efficiency. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and rich libraries.
PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages
Apr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM
PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.
PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications
Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM
PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.
The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive?
Apr 14, 2025 am 12:12 AM
PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.
PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained
Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM
PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.
PHP vs. Other Languages: A Comparison
Apr 13, 2025 am 12:19 AM
PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.
PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison
Apr 15, 2025 am 12:07 AM
PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.
