Home php教程 php手册 PHP extract 将数组拆分成多个变量的函数

PHP extract 将数组拆分成多个变量的函数

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:15 PM
array extract int php var function variable Multiple Will dismantle array of grammar

extract()函数语法:
int extract( array $var_array [, int $extract_type = EXTR_OVERWRITE [, string $prefix ]] )
功能: extract()函数提取关联数组(对数字索引数组无效)每对key和value,生成以key为变量名、value为对应值的多组新变量。

复制代码 代码如下:


$size = "old size"; //注意最后size变量的值。
$a = array(
"color" => "red",
"size" => "XXL",
"price" => "53");
extract($a);
echo "color = $color
";
echo "size = $size
";
echo "price = $price
";
?>



结果为:

color = red
size = XXL
price = 53

通过上例发现$size的值为XXL,而不是之前的”old size”,说明默认情况下当数组中的key与已有的变量冲突时,将覆盖原来的变量。

继续介绍extract函数的后两个可选参数。

第二个参数$extract_type是用来控制当发生冲突时的处理方法,可能的值为:

EXTR_OVERWRITE : 冲突时覆盖已有的变量,默认值。
EXTR_SKIP : 不覆盖已有的变量,即不在生成该key和value对的变量。
EXTR_PREFIX_SAME : 冲突时,生成的新变量名加一个前缀字符串,其值由第三个参数指定。
EXTR_PREFIX_ALL : 对所有生成的新变量名加一个前缀字符串,其值由第三个参数指定。
EXTR_PREFIX_INVALID : 对key的值换为变量名时无效时(如key第一个字符为数字,而变量名要求第一个字符不能为数字),在变量名加一个前缀字符串,其值由第三个参数指定。
EXTR_IF_EXISTS : 只取出之前已经存在的变量。
EXTR_PREFIX_IF_EXISTS : 对EXTR_IF_EXISTS取得的变量,在其变量名加一个前缀字符串,其值由第三个参数指定。
EXTR_REFS : 以引用的方式提取变量,说明提取变量的值发生改变会影响原数组的值。

注意:在变量名加前缀字符串时,新的变量名为 PREFIX_key,而不是PREFIXkey。

复制代码 代码如下:


$a = array(
"color" => "red",
"size" => "XXL",
"price" => "53");
extract($a,EXTR_PREFIX_ALL,"SC");
echo "color = $SC_color
";
echo "size = $SC_size
";
echo "price = $SC_price
";
extract($a,EXTR_REFS);
$color="green";
echo $a['color']; //查看原数组的值
?>


结果为:
color = red
size = XXL
price = 53
green
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