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php学习之数据类型之间的转换介绍

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:08 PM
php introduce code copy study force data yes type Convert

复制代码 代码如下:


/*数据类型之间相互转换
* 一种是强制转换
* setType(变量,类型); //int,integer,float,double等等。
* 这个函数将原变量的类型改变,用var_dump();可以查看变量
*
* 在赋值前使用(类型)的形式,不会改变原变量的类型
* $a=(int)"123abc";
*
* $变量=intval(变量或值);
* $变量=floatval(变量或值);
* $变量=stringval(变量或值);
*
* 注意:整型在内存中占4个字节 2.147e9
* 浮点型在内存中占8个字节
*
*
* 一种是自动转换(最常用方式),变量会更具运行环境自动转换

* 与变量和类型有关的一些常用函数
* isset();//判断一个变量是否存在,值如果是null也表示空。
* empty();//判断一个变量是否为空 "",null
* unset();//删除一个变量
* setType();//设置一个变量类型
* getType();//获取一个变量类型 var_dump();获取类型和值
*
* 变量类型测试函数
* is_bool();//判断是否为布尔型
* is_int() is_integer() is_long()//判断是否是整型
* is_float(), is_double() is_real()//...
* is_array()
* is_object()
* is_resource()
* is_null()
* is_scalar()//判断是否是标量
* is_numberic()//判断是否是任何一种数字,或数字字符串
* is_callable()//判断是否是有效的函数名

* 常量的声明与使用
* 1.常量是一个简单值的标识符
* 2.常量定义后不能再改变它的值,也不能使用unset()或其他的函数取消
* 3.常量可以不用理会变量范围的规则而在任何地方都可以定义和访问
* 4.常量使用define("常量名",值);
* 5.常量名在声明和使用时都不使用"$"
* 6.常量名称习惯都使用大写
* 7.常量的值只能用标量类型(int,float,bool,string)
* 8.常量一定要在声明时就给值
* 9.defined("常量");//判断常量是否存在
*
* 预定义常量和魔术常量
* echo __FILE__;//输出当前文件名称目录_魔术常量
* echo CASE_LOWER;//输出固定的值_预定义常量
*

*/
//这个函数将原变量的类型改变,用var_dump();可以查看变量
$str="100.12345abc";
setType($str,int);
var_dump($str);

//在赋值前使用(类型)的形式
$str="100.12345abc";
$a=(int)$str;
var_dump($a);//输出int(100)
var_dump($str);//输出值不变,"100.12345abc"
//如果字符串不是以数字开头,则转换成0

//不同类型运算
$a=10;
$b="100abc";
$c=true;
$d=12.34;
$sum=$a+$c;//布尔型自动转换成1,结果为11
$sum=$a+$b;//结果为110
$sum=$a+$b+$c;//结果为111
$sum=$a+$b+$c+$d;//结果为123.34,因为浮点型内存空间大,小内存转大内存。

//判断是否是数组
$a=array("one","two",1,3,6,8);
if(is_array($a)){
print_r($a);//打印数组
}else{
echo $a;
}

//定义常量,使用常量
define("home","this is a home");
$a=100;
function demo()
{
global $a;//因为$a是全局变量所以要用全局标记调用
echo $a;
echo home;//常量可以不用理会范围,直接访问或者定义
}
demo();

//判断常量是否存在
if(defined("home")
{
echo home;
}
else
{
define("home","this is a home");
}

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