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那些年一起学习的PHP(二)

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:01 PM
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现在我们进入Linux世界开始我们的PHP编码之旅,在编码中会有各种的问题发生,在解决问题的时间也是自己从新手蜕变的时刻。
每一门程序设计语言都会从变量开始练习开始,PHP是一类嵌入式脚本语言,当然也可以从语法的数据类型开始。这一节主要从PHP的数据类型,数据变量入手学习。
PHP语言的数据类型:
(1)布尔值,【true,false】问:布尔值的定义只有两个:true,false,PHP定义变量同意用$ 表示,如$shop=false;
(2)整型 【十进制,八进制,十六进制】支持的整数与平台有关,对于PHP5以及以前的版本支持+2的31次方,PHP6引入63次方的整型数据.十进制,十六进制基本按照数学的只是进行转换。
(3)浮点型数据,包括单精浮点【float】,双精浮点【double】,实数【real number】,可以包含小数部分的数值,用来表示货币,距离,以及简单整数无法满足的其他表示,例如定义一个数$money=1.0093 默认是浮点类型的数值。
(4)单引号字符串,即用单引号把想使用的文本括起来。如:'I am Siron.'
问:如果我要写 This's book is highly enjoyable. 该怎么写呢?
PHP中关于单双引号的同时使用注意:
双引号字段会经过编译器解释,然后通过HTML代码输出。
单引号字段不会经过编译器解释,直接输出。
举例子:

复制代码 代码如下:


$bookname="Lua编程指南中文版";
//双引号-----输出Lua编程指南中文版
echo “$bookname";
//单引号----输出$bookname
echo '$bookname';
//交叉输出举例子 ,注意那个单引号要转义 \'
echo “ My book\'s name is $bookname";
?>


(5)双引号字符串,即用双引号把想使用的文本括起来,但复杂些。双引号中可以使用变量替换。如:"I am Siron."
(6)数组类型 ,数组可以以键值对形式存在,支持多维数组。略略定义举例子

复制代码 代码如下:


//定义一位数组,共含有三个元素
$books[0]="C#指南";
$books[1]="围城";
$books[2]="朝花夕拾";
?>



(7)对象类型 属于符合数据类型,后来面向对象编程中将详细介绍。
$
blengder =new Application;
(8)resource类型
$file=fopen("1.txt",r)//这是resource类型的
(9) PHP是弱类型语言吗?可以强制类型转换吗?
关于PHP的强制类型转换(即将一种数据类型转换为另一种类型),在变量前面加上强制转换的数据类型即可实现.但是要注意在转换过程中,高精度浮点数转化低精度数值时变量的数据丢失,因此一定谨慎使用.强制转换的类型有(bool)(array)(int)(integer)(object)(real)(double)(float)(string)。PHP 类型定义十分松散,所以有时会根据引用变量所处的环境系统自动转换为合适的类型。

复制代码 代码如下:


$total=5; //整数
$count="25";//字符串
$total+="$count";//$total=30(自动转换为整数)
?>


(10) 与类型有关有什么内置函数使用的呢?
PHP内置使用gettype()函数返回Var指定的变量类型,使用settype()将var转换为Type指定的类型。即: gettype() 本函数用来取得变量的类型。返回的类型字符串可能为下列字符串其中之一:integer、double、string、array、object、unknown type。语法: string gettype(mixed var);
settype()本函数用来配置或转换变量类型。成功返回 true 值,其它情形返回 false 值。参数 var 为原来的变量名,参数 type 为下列的类型之一:integer、double、string、array 与 object。语法: int settype(string var, string type);
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