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Ubuntu 筹建PHP环境

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:54 AM
apache etc php sudo

Ubuntu 搭建PHP环境

  安装 Apache2:

  sudo apt-get install apache2

  安装PHP模块:

  sudo apt-get install php5

  安装Mysql

  sudo apt-get install mysql-server

  其他模块安装:

  sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5

  sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql

  sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

  sudo apt-get install php5-gd

  前两个很容易明白,要想apache能够解析PHP,就需要借助这两个模块来找到php engine。

  第三个在php操作mysql数据库时用到,大多数人都有数据库编程经验,所以这就不用多解释了

  第四个GD库。

  apache2相关配置

  安装完上述的各个模块后,实际上基本配都OK了,只是一些小的细节问题

  基本上多有的配置都在/etc/apache2目录及其子目录下完成,故一定要搞清楚这个目录结构。

  1.apache根目录

  安装完apache2,根目录在/var/www下,可以通过http://localhost/测试一下是否好用。

  当然也可以在该目录下新建一个文件test.html来试一试http://localhost/test.html。

  2.PHP解析问题

  安装完貌似php的解析都有点问题,浏览php网页会保存,apache没有将其解析为网页。

  网上一般说的是需要在httpd.conf中添加XXXX,对其他的linux系统可能确实如此,但是Ubuntu有点特殊。

  Ubuntu的apache2配置在/etc/apache2目录下。

  这个目录下有个apache2.conf文件,这个文件通过包含其他配置文件涵盖了所有的apache2系统配置信息。

  php解析部分在的配置在/etc/apache2/mods-available下的php5.conf和php5.load中,apache2.conf文件中并没有将这两个文件包含进来,只要包含进去就OK了。

  *************************************************

  在apache2.conf中找到

  # Include module configuration:

  Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load

  Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf

  在其后面添加

  Include /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.load

  Include /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf

  *************************************************

  另外一种方法就是将这两个文件链接到mods-enabled目录下:

  sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.load

  sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.conf

  这一种方式更好一点,没有破坏apache2本身的配置结构。

  *************************************************

  3.改变apache2的默认目录到当前的开发目录

  apache2的默认目录配置在/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/00default文件中。

  找到该文件中的DocumentRoot项, 将/var/www改为你的开发目录就OK了。

  当然,还有一种方法就是不该边默认目录,只是在var/www下建立一个到你的目录的链接。

  比如你的目录在/home/username/phptest,那么你只要

  sudo ln -s /home/username/phptest /var/www/phptest

  这样你就可以通过http://localhost/phptest访问你的工作目录了。

  [注意]链接文件名中不能含有“.”,否则apache2会将其当作为一个文件试图解析而无法达到链接目录的效果。

  个人推荐用后一种方式,这样可以多个工作目录并行开发。

  配置中常用命令

  重启apache

  sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

  来一个简单的测试,在phptest目录下新建一个PHP 文件:test.php



PHP Site






echo "Hello,This is my first PHP webpage\n";
phpinfo();
?>




保存退出。

打开浏览器,输入:localhost/phptest/tset.php,就能看到我们PHP的运行结果了。 Good Luck! :-)
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