基于php设计模式中单例模式的应用分析
单例模式:简单的说,一个对象只负责一个特定的任务。
单例类:
1.构造函数需要标记为private,单例类不能再其他类中实例化,只能被其自身实例化
2.拥有一个保存类的实例静态成员变量
3.拥有一个访问这个实例的公共的静态方法。[常用getInstance()方法进行实例化单例类,通过instanceof操作符可以检测到此类是否已经被实例化]
注:需要创建__clone()方法防治对象被复制
作用:
1.php的应用主要用于数据库,所以一个应用中会存在大量的数据库操作,使用单例模式,则可以避免大量new操作消耗的资源
2.如果系统中需要一个类来全局控制某些配置信息,那么使用单例模式可以很方便的实现。参照ZF的FrontController部分
3.在一个页面请求汇总,便于进行调试,因为所有的代码都集中在一个类中,我们可以在类中设置钩子,输出日志,从而避免到处var_dump,echo。
复制代码 代码如下:
class DanLi{
//静态成员变量
private static $_instance;
//私有的构造方法
private function __construct(){
}
//防止对象被克隆
public function __clone(){
trigger_error('Clone is not allow!',E_USER_ERROR);
}
public static function getInstance(){
if(!(self::$_instance instanceof self)){
self::$_instance = new self;
}
return self::$_instance;
}
public function test(){
echo "ok";
}
}
//错误:$danli = new DanLi(); $danli_clone = clone $danli;
//正确:$danli = DanLi::getInstance(); $danli->test();
?>

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