解析php中curl_multi的应用
相信许多人对php手册中语焉不详的curl_multi一族的函数头疼不已,它们文档少,给的例子 更是简单的让你无从借鉴,我也曾经找了许多网页,都没见一个完整的应用例子。
•curl_multi_add_handle
•curl_multi_close
•curl_multi_exec
•curl_multi_getcontent
•curl_multi_info_read
•curl_multi_init
•curl_multi_remove_handle
•curl_multi_select
一般来说,想到要用这些函数时,目的显然应该是要同时请求多个url,而不是一个一个依次请求,否则不如自己循环去调curl_exec好了。
步骤总结如下:
第一步:调用curl_multi_init
第二步:循环调用curl_multi_add_handle
这一步需要注意的是,curl_multi_add_handle的第二个参数是由curl_init而来的子handle。
第三步:持续调用curl_multi_exec
第四步:根据需要循环调用curl_multi_getcontent获取结果
第五步:调用curl_multi_remove_handle,并为每个字handle调用curl_close
第六步:调用curl_multi_close
这里有一个网上找的简单例子,其作者称为dirty的例子,(稍后我会说明为何dirty):
复制代码 代码如下:
*
Here's a quick and dirty example for curl-multi from PHP, tested on PHP 5.0.0RC1 CLI / FreeBSD 5.2.1
*/
$connomains = array(
"http://www.cnn.com/",
"http://www.canada.com/",
"http://www.yahoo.com/"
);
$mh = curl_multi_init();
foreach ($connomains as $i => $url) {
$conn[$i]=curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1);
curl_multi_add_handle ($mh,$conn[$i]);
}
do { $n=curl_multi_exec($mh,$active); } while ($active);
foreach ($connomains as $i => $url) {
$res[$i]=curl_multi_getcontent($conn[$i]);
curl_close($conn[$i]);
}
print_r($res);
整个使用过程差不多就是这样,但是,这个简单代码有个致命弱点,就是在do循环的那段,在整个url请求期间是个死循环,它会轻易导致CPU占用100%。
现在我们来改进它,这里要用到一个几乎没有任何文档的函数curl_multi_select了,虽然C的curl库对select有说明,但是,php里的接口和用法确与C中有不同。
把上面do的那段改成下面这样:
复制代码 代码如下:
do {
$mrc = curl_multi_exec($mh,$active);
} while ($mrc == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
while ($active and $mrc == CURLM_OK) {
if (curl_multi_select($mh) != -1) {
do {
$mrc = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active);
} while ($mrc == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
}
}
因为$active要等全部url数据接受完毕才变成false,所以这里用到了curl_multi_exec的返回值判断是否还有数据,当有数据的时候就不停调用curl_multi_exec,暂时没有数据就进入select阶段,新数据一来就可以被唤醒继续执行。这里的好处就是CPU的无谓消耗没有了。
另外:还有一些细节的地方可能有时候要遇到:
控制每一个请求的超时时间,在curl_multi_add_handle之前通过curl_setopt去做:
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $timeout);
判断是否超时了或者其他错误,在curl_multi_getcontent之前用:curl_error($conn[$i]);
注意:php的multi_curl功能慎用,因为某些版本的curl和php的搭配有Bug。所以你调试过没问题的代码很可能在别的机器上不正确。
例如今天我发现在php5.2.2搭配curl/7.16.2版本如果CURLOPT_USERAGENT属性设置成某些值,则实际发送的HTTP头的会变成一串二进制值。
而恰好这个版本的php中strip_tags函数对含二进制的数据处理的不好,这才发现了这个Bug

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